Related papers: Jamming transitions in force-based models for pede…
Stop-and-go waves in single-file movement are a phenomenon that is ob- served empirically in pedestrian dynamics. It manifests itself by the co-existence of two phases: moving and stopping pedestrians. We show analytically based on a…
Classical second order models of pedestrian dynamics, like the social-force model, suffer from various unrealistic behaviors in the dynamics, e.g. backward motion, oscillations and overlapping of pedestrians. These effects are not related…
Extensive research in pedestrian dynamics has primarily focused on crowded conditions and associated phenomena, such as lane formation, evacuation, etc. Several force-based models have been developed to predict the behavior in these…
This paper introduces a spatially continuous force-based model for simulating pedestrian dynamics. The main intention of this work is the quantitative description of pedestrian movement through bottlenecks and in corridors. Measurements of…
This paper introduces a space-continuous force-based model for simulating pedestrian dynamics. The main interest of this work is the quantitative description of pedestrian movement through a bottleneck. Measurements of flow and density will…
Stop-and-go waves are commonly observed in traffic and pedestrian flows. In traffic theory they are described by phase transitions of metastable models. The self-organization phenomenon occurs due to inertia mechanisms but requires fine…
A spatially continuous force-based model for simulating pedestrian dynamics is introduced which includes an elliptical volume exclusion of pedestrians. We discuss the phenomena of oscillations and overlapping which occur for certain choices…
Several spatially continuous pedestrian dynamics models have been validated against empirical data. We try to reproduce the experimental fundamental diagram (velocity versus density) with simulations. In addition to this quantitative…
Stop-and-go waves are commonly observed in traffic and pedestrian flows. In most traffic models they occur through a phase transition after fine tuning of parameters when the model has unstable homogeneous solutions. Inertia effects are…
Single-file dynamics has been studied intensively, both experimentally and theoretically. It shows interesting collective effects, such as stop-and-go waves, which are validation cornerstones for any agent-based modeling approach of traffic…
It is suggested that the motion of pedestrians can be described as if they would be subject to `social forces'. These `forces' are not directly exerted by the pedestrians' personal environment, but they are a measure for the internal…
This article considers execution and analysis of laboratory experiments of pedestrians moving in a quasi-one-dimensional system with periodic boundary conditions. To analyze characteristics of jams in the system we aim to use the whole…
A kind of fluid dynamic description for the collective movement of pedestrians is developed on the basis of a Boltzmann-like gaskinetic model. The differences between these pedestrian specific equations and those for ordinary fluids are…
It is known that inhomogeneous second-order macroscopic traffic models can reproduce the phantom traffic jam phenomenon: whenever the sub-characteristic condition is violated, uniform traffic flow is unstable, and small perturbations grow…
We numerically study jamming transitions in pedestrian flow interacting with an attraction, mostly based on the social force model for pedestrians who can join the attraction. We formulate the joining probability as a function of social…
For the modelling of pedestrian dynamics we treat persons as self-driven objects moving in a continuous space. On the basis of a modified social force model we qualitatively analyze the influence of various approaches for the interaction…
The main topic of this paper is the analysis and modeling of stop-and-go waves, observable in experiments of single lane movement with pedestrians. The velocity density relation using measurements on a 'microscopic' scale shows the…
The social force model belongs to a class of microscopic force-based pedestrian model for which the interaction with the neighbors solely depends on the distance spacings. Yet, distance based models can lead to unrealistic oscillating…
This paper is a preliminary work to address the problem of dynamical systems with parameters varying in time. An idea to predict their behaviour is proposed. These systems are called \emph{transient systems}, and are distinguished from…
Many biological phenomena such as locomotion, circadian cycles, and breathing are rhythmic in nature and can be modeled as rhythmic dynamical systems. Dynamical systems modeling often involves neglecting certain characteristics of a…