Related papers: Where should MMS look for electron diffusion regio…
Magnetic reconnection plays a crucial role in large dissipative events in space plasmas, such as solar flares and geomagnetic substorms, but there has been much confusion regarding reconnection onset responsible for the explosive events.…
Magnetic reconnection plays an important role in the release of magnetic energy and consequent energization of particles in collisionless plasmas. Energy transfer in collisionless magnetic reconnection is inherently a two-step process:…
We report on computer simulations and analytic theory to provide a self-consistent understanding of the role of the reconnection electric field, which extends substantially beyond the simple change of magnetic connections. Rather, we find…
The ether can "explain" certain questionable "quantum realities" in which single, isolated photons form a diffraction pattern in a two-slit apparatus; and, similarly, single, isolated electrons form a diffraction pattern in the equivalent…
Electron dynamics surrounding the X-line in magnetopause-type asymmetric reconnection is investigated using a two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. We study electron properties of three characteristic regions in the vicinity of the…
Many multi-planet systems have been discovered in recent years. Some of them are in mean-motion resonances (MMR). Planet formation theory was successful in explaining the formation of 2:1, 3:1 and other low resonances as a result of…
Electron bulk energization in the diffusion region during anti-parallel symmetric reconnection entails two stages. First, the inflowing electrons are adiabatically trapped and energized by an ambipolar parallel electric field. Next, the…
The existence of electric dipole moments (EDM) for fundamental particles signals time-reversal symmetry (T) violation accompanied by violation of parity (P); only upper limits have been established to date. Time-reversal violation in turn…
The formation of macroscopic reconnected magnetic structures (islands) have been observed in advanced experiments on weakly collisional, well confined plasmas while established theories of the drift-tearing modes, which depend strongly on…
Magnetic null has long been recognized as a special structure serving as a preferential site for magnetic reconnection (MR). However, the direct observational study of MR at null-points is largely lacking. Here, we show the observations of…
Electron dynamics and energization are one of the key components of magnetic field dissipation in collisionless reconnection. In 2D numerical simulations of magnetic reconnection, the main mechanism that limits the current density and…
Vector displacements expressed in spherical coordinates are proposed. They correspond to electromagnetic fields in vacuum that globally rotate about an axis and display many circular patterns on the surface of a sphere. The fields basically…
One of the main science questions of the Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe missions deals with understanding how electrons in the lower solar corona are accelerated and how they subsequently access interplanetary space. We aim to…
Runaway electrons (REs) present a high-priority issue for ITER but little is known about the extent to which RE generation is affected by the stochastic field intrinsic to disrupting plasmas. RE generation can be modelled with reduced…
We extend Regularised Diffusion-Shock (RDS) filtering from Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}_2$ [1] to position-orientation space $\mathbb{M}_2 \cong \mathbb{R}^2 \times S^1$. This has numerous advantages, e.g. making it possible to enhance and…
Particle acceleration during magnetic reconnection is a long-standing topic in space, solar and astrophysical plasmas. Recent 3D particle-in-cell simulations of magnetic reconnection show that particles can leave flux ropes due to 3D…
Electric dipole moments are extremely sensitive probes of physics beyond the Standard Model. A vibrant experimental program is in place, with the goal of improving existing bounds on the electron and neutron electric dipole moments by one…
If a subdominant component of dark matter (DM) interacts via long-range dark force carriers it may cool and collapse to form complex structures within the Milky Way galaxy, such as a rotating dark disk. This scenario was proposed recently…
Planetary formation theories and, more specifically, migration models predict that planets can be captured in mean-motion resonances (MMRs) during the disc phase. The distribution of period ratios between adjacent planets shows an…
Turbulent plasma motion is common in the universe, and invoked in solar flares to drive effective acceleration leading to high energy electrons. Unresolved mass motions are frequently detected in flares from extreme ultraviolet (EUV)…