Related papers: Formulations of moist thermodynamics for atmospher…
It is important to be able to calculate the moist-air entropy of the atmosphere with precision. A potential temperature has already been defined from the third law of thermodynamics for this purpose. However, a doubt remains as to whether…
This paper is the second part of a previous paper (Marquet, 2019) dealing with the need to define the entropy with an absolute way, by using the third law of thermodynamics. In this second part it is shown that there is a need and interest…
The specific thermal enthalpy of a moist-air parcel is defined analytically following a method in which specific moist entropy is derived from the Third Law of thermodynamics. Specific thermal enthalpy is computed by integrating specific…
Calculations of entropy fluxes and production rate have been evaluated with some success to study atmospheric processes. However, recurring questions arise as to how best to take into account entropy flux due to radiation, for example. This…
The moist-air entropy can be used to analyze and better understand the general circulation of the atmosphere or convective motions. Isentropic analyses are commonly based on studies of different equivalent potential temperatures, all of…
A moist entropy potential temperature -- denoted by ${\theta}_{s}$ -- is defined analytically in terms of the specific entropy for moist air. The expression for ${\theta}_{s}$ is valid for a general mixing of dry air, water vapour and…
This article describes the third law of thermodynamics. This law is often poorly known and is often decried, or even considered optional and irrelevant to describe weather and climate phenomena. This, however, is inaccurate and contrary to…
The exergy of the dry atmosphere can be considered as another aspect of the meteorological theories of available energies. The local and global properties of the dry available enthalpy function, also called flow exergy, were investigated in…
A framework is introduced to compare moist `potential' temperatures. The equivalent potential temperature, $\theta_e,$ the liquid water potential temperature, $\theta_\ell,$ and the entropy potential temperature, $\theta_s$, are all shown…
Moist-air norms and inner-products are currently used in atmospheric science for computing dry or moist singular vectors and for determining forecast errors or sensitivity to observations based on tangent linear and adjoint models. A new…
Multiscale thermodynamics is a theory of relations among levels of description. Energy and entropy are its two main ingredients. Their roles in the time evolution describing approach of a level (starting level) to another level involving…
The microscopic explanation of entropy has been challenged from both experimental and theoretical point of view. The expression of entropy is derived from the first law of thermodynamics indicating that entropy or the second law of…
Evidence implies that basic laws of thermodynamics must be tested by experiments. In this paper, an experiment is designed to measure the entropy of a system with at least one known (measurable) equation of state, especially the gas…
A convenient model for estimating the total entropy ({\Sigma}Si) of atmospheric gases based on physical action is proposed. This realistic approach is fully consistent with statistical mechanics, but uses the properties of translational,…
This study presents a new formulation for the norms and scalar products used in tangent linear or adjoint models to determine forecast errors and sensitivity to observations and to calculate singular vectors. The new norm is derived from…
This paper is a non-technical, informal presentation of our theory of the second law of thermodynamics as a law that is independent of statistical mechanics and that is derivable solely from certain simple assumptions about adiabatic…
Free energy and entropy are examined in detail from the standpoint of classical thermodynamics. The approach is logically based on the fact that thermodynamic work is mediated by thermal energy through the tendency for nonthermal energy to…
The second law of thermodynamics implies a relationship between the net entropy export by the Earth and its internal irreversible entropy production. The application of this constraint for the purpose of understanding Earth's climate is…
Uncertainty exists concerning the proper formulation of surface heat fluxes, namely the sum of "sensible" and "latent" heat fluxes, and in fact concerning these two fluxes if they are considered as separate fluxes. In fact, eddy flux of…
By assuming an appropriate energy composition law between two systems governed by the same non-extensive entropy, we revisit the definitions of temperature and pressure, arising from the zeroth principle of thermodynamics, in a manner…