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Tokamak plasmas are confined by a magnetic field that limits the particle and heat transport perpendicular to the field. Parallel to the field the ionised particles can move freely, so to obtain confinement the field lines are "closed" (ie.…
Controlling and monitoring plasma within a tokamak device is complex and challenging. Plasma off-normal events, such as disruptions, are hindering steady-state operation. For large devices, they can even endanger the machine's integrity and…
A challenging and fundamental research problem is the better understanding and control of the turbulent transport of heat in present-day tokamak fusion experiments. Recent developments in numerical methods along with enormous gains in…
In order to identify complicated systems, more prominent and promising methods are needed among which we may refer to fractional order differential equations. The aim of this paper is to propose a fractional order nonlinear model to predict…
This paper proposes a method to identify a Koopman model of a feedback-controlled system given a known controller. The Koopman operator allows a nonlinear system to be rewritten as an infinite-dimensional linear system by viewing it in…
The Tokamak device is the most promising candidate for producing sustainable electric power by nuclear fusion. It is a torus-shaped device that confines plasma by a strong magnetic field. The development, design and control of the design…
In this paper, we consider an open-loop, finite-time, optimal control problem of attaining a specific desired current profile during the ramp-up phase by finding the best open-loop actuator input trajectories. Average density, total power,…
A control oriented, lumped parameter model for the tokamak transformer including the slow flux penetration in the plasma (skin effect transformer model) is presented. The model does not require detailed or explicit information about plasma…
Modern Tokamaks have evolved from the initial axisymmetric circular plasma shape to an elongated axisymmetric plasma shape that improves the energy confinement time and the triple product, which is a generally used figure of merit for the…
In this work, a Model Predictive Controller (MPC) is proposed to control the plasma shape in the Tokamak \`a Configuration Variable (TCV). The proposed controller relies on models obtained by coupling linearized plasma response models,…
We set up a mapping procedure able to translate the evolution of the radial profile of fast ions, interacting with Toroidal Alfv\'en Eigenmodes, into the dynamics of an equivalent one dimensional bump-on-tail system. We apply this mapping…
The real-time reconstruction of the plasma magnetic equilibrium in a Tokamak is a key point to access high performance regimes. Indeed, the shape of the plasma current density profile is a direct output of the reconstruction and has a…
We present TokaMind, an open-source foundation model framework for fusion plasma modeling, based on a Multi-Modal Transformer (MMT) and trained on heterogeneous tokamak diagnostics from the publicly available MAST dataset. TokaMind supports…
The development of a quasi-linear gyrokinetic transport model for tokamak plasmas, ultimately designed to provide physically comprehensive predictions of the time evolution of the thermodynamic relevant quantities, is a task that requires…
The penalization method is used to take account of obstacles, such as the limiter, in a tokamak. Because of the magnetic confinement of the plasma in a tokamak, the transport occurs essentially in the direction parallel to the magnetic…
Plasma shape control in tokamaks requires a real-time controller that tracks dynamically changing shape targets while tolerating diagnostic failures. Classical approaches decompose the problem into equilibrium reconstruction followed by a…
Simulating gas flow within the divertor, which is a crucial component in nuclear fusion reactors, is essential for assessing and enhancing its design and performance. Traditional methods, such as the direct simulation Monte Carlo and the…
A high-order piecewise field-aligned triangular finite element method is developed and implemented for global electromagnetic gyrokinetic particle-in-cell simulations of tokamak plasmas with open field lines. The approach combines locally…
The penalization method is used to take account of obstacles in a tokamak, such as the limiter. We study a non linear hyperbolic system modelling the plasma transport in the area close to the wall. A penalization which cuts the transport…
A lumped parameter model for tokamak plasma current and inductance time evolution as function of plasma resistance, non-inductive current drive sources and boundary voltage or poloidal field (PF) coil current drive is presented. The model…