Related papers: The grounding for Continuum
We give a precise definition of a formal mathematical object as any symbol for an individual constant, predicate letter, or a function letter that can be introduced through definition into a formal mathematical language without inviting…
Transfinite set theory including the axiom of choice supplies the following basic theorems: (1) Mappings between infinite sets can always be completed, such that at least one of the sets is exhausted. (2) The real numbers can be well…
Over the last century, the principle of "induction on the continuum" has been studied by different authors in different formats. All of these different readings are equivalent to one of the three versions that we isolate in this paper. We…
This paper examines a denumerable version of the nested-set theorem and derives from it a contradiction involving the formal consistency of the actual infinity assumed by the Axiom of Infinity.
A quantum theory representations of real (R) and complex (C) numbers is given that is based on states of single, finite strings of qukits for any base k > 1. Both unary representations and the possibility that qukits with k a prime number…
Real numbers do not admit an extensional procedure for observing discrete information, such as the first digit of its decimal expansion, because every extensional, computable map from the reals to the integers is constant, as is well known.…
Models of computation operating over the real numbers and computing a larger class of functions compared to the class of general recursive functions invariably introduce a non-finite element of infinite information encoded in an arbitrary…
In this work, using a new geometrical approach we study to the existence of the fixed-point of mappings that independence of the smoothness, and also of their single-values or multi-values. This work proved the theorems that generalize in…
We construct a rigorous mathematical framework for an abstract continuous evolution of an internal state, inspired by the intuitive notion of a flowing thought sequence. Using tools from topology, functional analysis, measure theory, and…
We establish a simple and powerful lemma that provides a criterion for sequences in metric spaces to be Cauchy. Using the lemma, it is then easily verified that the Picard iterates $\{T^nx\}$, where $T$ is a contraction or asymptotic…
Consider a real valued function defined, but not differentiable at some point. We use sequences approaching the point of interest to define and study sequential concepts of secant and cord derivatives of the function at the point of…
The concept of definability of physical fields within a set-theoretical foundation is introduced. We propose an axiomatic set theory and show the Schroedinger equation and, more generally, a nonlinear sigma model come naturally out of the…
In an unbounded plane, straight lines are used extensively for mathematical analysis. They are tools of convenience. However, those with high slope values become unbounded at a faster rate than the independent variable. So, straight lines,…
In a previous work, "pure data" is proposed as an axiomatic foundation for mathematics and computing, based on "finite sequence" as the foundational concept rather than based on logic or type. Within this framework, objects with…
Counters that hold natural numbers are ubiquitous in modeling and verifying software systems; for example, they model dynamic creation and use of resources in concurrent programs. Unfortunately, such discrete counters often lead to…
In this paper I introduce a new and intuitive first-order foundational theory (where the concept of set is not primitive) and use it to show that the power set of an infinite set does not exist. In particular, proofs of uncountability of a…
The problem of artificial precision is a major objection to any theory of vagueness based on real numbers as degrees of truth. Suppose you are willing to admit that, under sufficiently specified circumstances, a predication of "is red"…
Mathematicians and philosophers have appealed to categoricity arguments in a surprisingly varied range of contexts. One familiar example calls on second-order categoricity in an attempt to show that the Continuum Hypothesis, despite its…
During the early 1830's Bernard Bolzano, working in Prague, wrote a manuscript giving a foundational account of numbers and their properties. In the final section of his work he described what he called `infinite number expressions' and…
We study two classes of linear difference differential equations analogous to Euler-Cauchy ordinary differential equations, but in which multiple arguments are shifted forward or backward by fixed amounts. Special cases of these equations…