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Stars are changing entities in a constant evolution during their lives. At non-secular time scales (from seconds to years) the effect of dynamical processes such as convection, rotation, and magnetic fields can modify the stellar…
Galactic history is written in the white dwarf stars. Their surface properties hint at interiors composed of matter under extreme conditions. In the forty years since their discovery, pulsating white dwarf stars have moved from side-show…
Localised modelling error in the near-surface layers of evolutionary stellar models causes the frequencies of their normal modes of oscillation to differ from those of actual stars with matching interior structures. These frequency…
Helioseismology studies the structure and dynamics of the Sun's interior by observing oscillations on the surface. These studies provide information about the physical processes that control the evolution and magnetic activity of the Sun.…
The goal of stellar evolution theory is to predict the structure of stars throughout their lifetimes. Usually, these predictions can be assessed only indirectly, for example by comparing predicted and observed effective temperatures and…
Acoustic modes can be used to study the physics of the interior of a cavity, and this is especially useful when the inside region is inaccessible. Many astrophysicists use such sound waves as an essential tool in their research. Here we…
Astrometric monitoring of stars provides a promising method for discovery of low-mass planets around nearby Sun-like stars. The astronomical community has proposed several telescopes designed to perform high-precision astrometric…
Asteroseismic inferences of main-sequence solar-like oscillators often rely on best-fit models. However, these models cannot fully reproduce the observed mode frequencies, suggesting that the internal structure of the model does not fully…
This is a review of a decade-long effort to develop novel tools for exploring magnetism in cold astrophysical media and to establish a new field of molecular spectropolarimetry since Berdyugina et al. (2000). It is most directly applicable…
Today, asteroseismology is entering in its golden age thanks to the observations provided by the CoRoT and Kepler space missions. In particular, we will make significant progresses in the understanding of the structure and evolution of…
CONTEXT: High-precision stellar analyses require hydrodynamic modeling to interpret chemical abundances or oscillation modes. Exoplanet atmosphere studies require stellar background spectra to be known along the transit path while detection…
The Kepler mission, launched in March 2009, has revolutionized asteroseismology, providing detailed observations of thousands of stars. This has allowed in-depth analysis of stars ranging from compact hot subdwarfs to red giants, and…
We review techniques for measuring stellar oscillations in solar-type stars. Despite great efforts, no unambiguous detections have been made. A new method, based on monitoring the equivalent widths of strong lines, shows promise but is yet…
The Sun provides a critical benchmark for the general study of stellar structure and evolution. Also, knowledge about the internal properties of the Sun is important for the understanding of solar atmospheric phenomena, including the solar…
Our knowledge of the Sun, its atmosphere, long term activity and space weather potential is severely limited by the lack of good observations of the polar and far-side regions. Observations from a polar vantage point would revolutionize our…
The last decade has seen a rapid development in asteroseismology thanks to the CoRoT and Kepler missions. With more detailed asteroseismic observations available, it is becoming possible to infer exactly how oscillations are driven and…
The power of asteroseismology relies on the ability to infer the stellar structure from the unambiguous frequency identification of the corresponding pulsation mode. Hence, the use of a Fourier transform is in the basis of asteroseismic…
Stellar activity cycles are the manifestation of dynamo process running in the stellar interiors. They have been observed during years to decades thanks to the measurement of stellar magnetic proxies at the surface of the stars such as the…
The amplitudes of solar-like oscillations depend on the excitation and damping, both of which are controlled by convection. Comparing observations with theory should therefore improve our understanding of the underlying physics. However,…
The investigation of the pulsation properties of pre-main-sequence intermediate-mass stars is a promising tool to evaluate the intrinsic properties of these stars and to constrain current evolutionary models. Many new candidates of this…