English
Related papers

Related papers: Preference reversal in quantum decision theory

200 papers

We look at preference change arising out of an interaction between two elements: the first is an initial preference ranking encoding a pre-existing attitude; the second element is new preference information signaling input from an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Adrian Haret , Johannes P. Wallner

Complexity theory is a useful tool to study computational issues surrounding the elicitation of preferences, as well as the strategic manipulation of elections aggregating together preferences of multiple agents. We study here the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-04-18 Toby Walsh

We present a systematic investigation of the quantum games, constructed using a novel repeated game protocol, when played repeatedly ad infinitum. We focus on establishing that such repeated games -- by virtue of inherent quantum-mechanical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-27 Archan Mukhopadhyay , Saikat Sur , Tanay Saha , Shubhadeep Sadhukhan , Sagar Chakraborty

We study a simple example of a sequential game illustrating problems connected with making rational decisions that are universal for social sciences. The set of chooser's optimal decisions that manifest his preferences in case of a constant…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Edward W. Piotrowski , Marcin Makowski

We study a modification of the so-called Parrondo's paradox where a large number of individuals choose the game they want to play by voting. We show that it can be better for the players to vote randomly than to vote according to their own…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-10-03 L. Dinis , J. M. R. Parrondo

Employing a generalized definition of Pratt (1964) and Arrow's (1965, 1971) probability premium, we introduce a new concept of attitude towards probability. We illustrate in a problem of risk sharing that whether attitude towards…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-05-04 Louis R. Eeckhoudt , Roger J. A. Laeven

Many high-stakes AI deployments proceed only if every stakeholder deems the system acceptable relative to their own minimum standard. With randomization over a finite menu of options, this becomes a feasibility question: does there exist a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Davin Choo , Paul W. Goldberg , Nicholas Teh

We show that, in a resource allocation problem, the ex ante aggregate utility of players with cumulative-prospect-theoretic preferences can be increased over deterministic allocations by implementing lotteries. We formulate an optimization…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-12-07 Soham R. Phade , Venkat Anantharam

The systematic biases seen in people's probability judgments are typically taken as evidence that people do not reason about probability using the rules of probability theory, but instead use heuristics which sometimes yield reasonable…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2014-05-01 Fintan Costello , Paul Watts

We provide a unifying way to analyze how risk aversion changes bidding in auctions by asking which bids become more attractive as bidders become more risk averse. In first-price auctions, under two payoff conditions--winning is never worse…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-03-11 Marilyn Pease , Mark Whitmeyer

Preference Inference involves inferring additional user preferences from elicited or observed preferences, based on assumptions regarding the form of the user's preference relation. In this paper we consider a situation in which…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Nic Wilson , Anne-Marie George , Barry O'Sullivan

This paper investigates the problem of finding a preference relation on a set of acts from the knowledge of an ordering on events (subsets of states of the world) describing the decision-maker (DM)s uncertainty and an ordering of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-08 Didier Dubois , Helene Fargier , Henri Prade

In an earlier experiment, participants played a perfect information game against a computer, which was programmed to deviate often from its backward induction strategy right at the beginning of the game. Participants knew that in each game,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-07-28 Sujata Ghosh , Aviad Heifetz , Rineke Verbrugge , Harmen de Weerd

This paper investigates a novel behavioral feature of recursive preferences: aversion to risks that persist over time, or simply \textit{correlation aversion}. Greater persistence provides information about future consumption but reduces…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-03-24 Lorenzo Maria Stanca

Data based judgments go into artificial intelligence applications but they undergo paradoxical reversal when seemingly unnecessary additional data is provided. Examples of this are Simpson's reversal and the disjunction effect where the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-09-14 Subhash Kak

Motivated by several classic decision-theoretic paradoxes, and by analogies with the paradoxes which in physics motivated the development of quantum mechanics, we introduce a projective generalization of expected utility along the lines of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-18 Pierfrancesco La Mura

Cromwell's rule (also known as the zero priors paradox) refers to the constraint of classical probability theory that if one assigns a prior probability of 0 or 1 to a hypothesis, then the posterior has to be 0 or 1 as well (this is a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-08-07 Irina Basieva , Emmanuel Pothos , Jennifer Trueblood , Andrei Khrennikov , Jerome Busemeyer

We present a framework for analyzing the near miss effect in lotteries. A decision maker (DM) facing a lottery, falsely interprets losing outcomes that are close to winning ones, as a sign that success is within reach. As a result of this…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-12-18 Michael Crystal

We present an experimental illustration on the quantum sensitivity of decision making machinery. In the decision making process, we consider the role of available information, say hint, whether it influences the optimal choices. To the end,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-15 Joong-Sung Lee , Jeongho Bang , Jinhyoung Lee , Kwang-Geol Lee

Within context of quantum logic, it is possible to assign dispersion-free probabilities to experimental propositions pertaining to qubits. This makes qubits distinct from the rest of quantum systems since the latter do not admit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-10 Arkady Bolotin