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We consider collisional Penrose process for charged, rotating black holes together with a simple model of pair creation, in which two oppositely charged particles are produced in a collision of two neutral particles. We highlight that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-03 Filip Hejda

We consider the Penrose process near the naked singularity in the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m metric. Particle 0 falls from infinity and decays to two fragments at some point $r_{0}$. We show that the energy extraction due to this process can be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-13 O. B. Zaslavskii

It has been shown that black holes could be used as particle accelerators to create arbitrarily high center-of-mass (CM) energy if certain critical conditions are satisfied. Most studies so far are confined in four-dimensional spacetimes.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-09-01 Jincheng An , Sijie Gao

It is shown that in the Schwarzschild background there exists direct counterpart of the Ba\~{n}ados-Silk-West effect for spinning particles. This means that if two particles collide near the black hole horizon, their energy in the centre of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-06-22 O. B. Zaslavskii

It has been shown by Ba\~{n}ados, Silk and West (BSW) that the center of mass energy (E_cm) of test particles starting from rest at infinity and colliding near the horizon of a Schwarzschild black hole is always finite. In this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-10-28 Eva Hackmann , Hemwati Nandan , Pankaj Sheoran

Recently, Banados, Silk and West (BSW) showed that the total energy of two colliding test particles has no upper limit in their center of mass frame in the neighborhood of an extreme Kerr black hole, even if these particles were at rest at…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-02-18 Masashi Kimura , Ken-ichi Nakao , Hideyuki Tagoshi

In this paper, we consider the analogy of the Penrose process in Charged Vaidya spacetime. We calculate the border of the generalized ergosphere, in which the charged particles with negative energy might exist, and show that it is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-26 Vitalii Vertogradov

We consider particle collisions in the background of a nonextremal black hole. Two particles fall from infinity, particle 1 is fine-tuned (critical), collision occurs in its turning point. The first example is the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-11-11 O. B. Zaslavskii

We show that an extremal Gibbons-Maeda-Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger black hole may act as a particle accelerator with arbitrarily high energy when two uncharged particles falling freely from rest to infinity on the near horizon. We show…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-04-04 Parthapratim Pradhan

If two particles collide in the vicinity of a black hole horizon, their center of mass energy is practically unlimited, so another black hole with a large mass and thus entropy can be created. The resulting black hole can then merge with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-05 De-Chang Dai

We study a recursive Penrose process and the energy extraction for the decay of electrically charged particles in a Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole spacetime with anti-de Sitter (AdS) asymptotics, incorporating the backreaction on the black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-23 Duarte Feiteira , José P. S. Lemos , Oleg B. Zaslavskii

The Penrose inequality estimates the lower bound of the mass of a black hole in terms of the area of its horizon. This bound is relatively loose for extremal or near extremal black holes. We propose a new Penrose-like inequality for static…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-10-21 H. Khodabakhshi , H. Lu , Run-Qiu Yang

The properties of the ergosphere and energy extraction by Penrose process in a rotating non-Kerr black hole are investigated. It is shown that the ergosphere is sensitive to the deformation parameter $\epsilon$ and the shape of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-07-05 Changqing Liu , Songbai Chen , Jiliang Jing

When two particles collide at the horizon of a black hole and one of them satisfies some critical conditions, the relative velocity between them can be arbitrarily large, thus the energy of the center-of-mass will reach infinity. Such a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-12-27 Jincheng An

In the present paper, we explore various gravitational aspects such as energy extraction (via the Penrose process and Superradiance), particle collisions around a $\mathcal{N}=2$, $U(1)^2$ dyonic rotating black hole (BH) in the gauged…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-11 Anik Rudra , Hemwati Nandan , Radouane Gannouji , Soham Chakraborty , Arindam Kumar Chatterjee

We derive a general formula for the center-of-mass (CM) energy for the near-horizon collision of two particles of the same rest mass on the equatorial plane around a Kerr black hole. We then apply this formula to a particle which plunges…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-10-21 Tomohiro Harada , Masashi Kimura

Finite-energy particles in free fall can collide with diverging center-of-mass energy near rapidly rotating black holes. What are the most salient observational signatures of this remarkable geometric effect? Here we revisit the problem…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-09 Delilah E. A. Gates , Shahar Hadar

We analyze the collisional Penrose process between a particle on the ISCO orbit around an extreme Kerr black hole and a particle impinging from infinity. We consider both cases with non-spinning and spinning particles. We evaluate the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-22 Kazumasa Okabayashi , Kei-ichi Maeda

In this paper, we study the effect of ultra-high energy collisions of two particles with different energies near the horizon of a 2+1 dimensional BTZ black hole (BSW effect). We find that the particle with the critical angular momentum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-06-25 Jie Yang , Yun-Liang Li , Yang Li , Shao-Wen Wei , Yu-Xiao Liu

The concept of the irreducible mass ($M_{\rm irr}$) has led to the mass-energy ($M$) formula of a Kerr black hole (BH), in turn leading to its surface area $S=16\pi M_{\rm irr}^2$. This also allowed the coeval identification of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-06 R. Ruffini , C. L. Bianco , M. Prakapenia , H. Quevedo , J. A. Rueda , S. R. Zhang