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This study introduces a new normalization layer termed Batch Layer Normalization (BLN) to reduce the problem of internal covariate shift in deep neural network layers. As a combined version of batch and layer normalization, BLN adaptively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Amir Ziaee , Erion Çano

Batch Normalization (BN) is an important preprocessing step to many deep learning applications. Since it is a data-dependent process, for some homogeneous datasets it is a redundant or even a performance-degrading process. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Wael Alsobhi , Tarik Alafif , Alaa Abdel-Hakim , Weiwei Zong

Batch Normalization (BatchNorm) is effective for improving the performance and accelerating the training of deep neural networks. However, it has also shown to be a cause of adversarial vulnerability, i.e., networks without it are more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Muhammad Awais , Fahad Shamshad , Sung-Ho Bae

Normalization techniques such as Batch Normalization have been applied successfully for training deep neural networks. Yet, despite its apparent empirical benefits, the reasons behind the success of Batch Normalization are mostly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-09 Jonas Kohler , Hadi Daneshmand , Aurelien Lucchi , Ming Zhou , Klaus Neymeyr , Thomas Hofmann

Recurrent neural networks are a widely used class of neural architectures. They have, however, two shortcomings. First, it is difficult to understand what exactly they learn. Second, they tend to work poorly on sequences requiring long-term…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Cheng Wang , Mathias Niepert

Various normalization layers have been proposed to help the training of neural networks. Group Normalization (GN) is one of the effective and attractive studies that achieved significant performances in the visual recognition task. Despite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Agus Gunawan , Xu Yin , Kang Zhang

Utilizing recently introduced concepts from statistics and quantitative risk management, we present a general variant of Batch Normalization (BN) that offers accelerated convergence of Neural Network training compared to conventional BN. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Xiaoyong Yuan , Zheng Feng , Matthew Norton , Xiaolin Li

Batch Normalization (BN) is widely used in {centralized} deep learning to improve convergence and generalization. However, in {federated} learning (FL) with decentralized data, prior work has observed that training with BN could hinder…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Jike Zhong , Hong-You Chen , Wei-Lun Chao

Batch normalization (BN) is a fundamental unit in modern deep networks, in which a linear transformation module was designed for improving BN's flexibility of fitting complex data distributions. In this paper, we demonstrate properly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Yuhui Xu , Lingxi Xie , Cihang Xie , Jieru Mei , Siyuan Qiao , Wei Shen , Hongkai Xiong , Alan Yuille

Batch Normalization (BN) has been a standard component in designing deep neural networks (DNNs). Although the standard BN can significantly accelerate the training of DNNs and improve the generalization performance, it has several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Yong Guo , Qingyao Wu , Chaorui Deng , Jian Chen , Mingkui Tan

Countless learning tasks require dealing with sequential data. Image captioning, speech synthesis, and music generation all require that a model produce outputs that are sequences. In other domains, such as time series prediction, video…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-10-20 Zachary C. Lipton , John Berkowitz , Charles Elkan

In training neural networks, batch normalization has many benefits, not all of them entirely understood. But it also has some drawbacks. Foremost is arguably memory consumption, as computing the batch statistics requires all instances…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Benjamin Berger , Victor Uc Cetina

Batch normalization is widely used in deep learning to normalize intermediate activations. Deep networks suffer from notoriously increased training complexity, mandating careful initialization of weights, requiring lower learning rates,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-19 Lakshmi Annamalai , Chetan Singh Thakur

Existing continual learning methods use Batch Normalization (BN) to facilitate training and improve generalization across tasks. However, the non-i.i.d and non-stationary nature of continual learning data, especially in the online setting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Quang Pham , Chenghao Liu , Steven Hoi

Batch normalization has been widely used to improve optimization in deep neural networks. While the uncertainty in batch statistics can act as a regularizer, using these dataset statistics specific to the training set impairs generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-02 Vincent Michalski , Vikram Voleti , Samira Ebrahimi Kahou , Anthony Ortiz , Pascal Vincent , Chris Pal , Doina Precup

Batch Normalization (BatchNorm) is commonly used in Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to improve training speed and stability. However, there is still limited consensus on why this technique is effective. This paper uses concepts from…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Elaina Chai , Mert Pilanci , Boris Murmann

A significant advance in accelerating neural network training has been the development of normalization methods, permitting the training of deep models both faster and with better accuracy. These advances come with practical challenges: for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Jasmine Collins , Johannes Balle , Jonathon Shlens

Recurrent neural networks have achieved great success in many NLP tasks. However, they have difficulty in parallelization because of the recurrent structure, so it takes much time to train RNNs. In this paper, we introduce sliced recurrent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-09 Zeping Yu , Gongshen Liu

Adapting a model to perform well on unforeseen data outside its training set is a common problem that continues to motivate new approaches. We demonstrate that application of batch normalization in the output layer, prior to softmax…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Matthew R. Behrend , Sean M. Robinson

Implementation of quantized neural networks on computing hardware leads to considerable speed up and memory saving. However, quantized deep networks are difficult to train and batch~normalization (BatchNorm) layer plays an important role in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Eyyüb Sari , Vahid Partovi Nia