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Related papers: Hardware Random number Generator for cryptography

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Even if the output of a Random Number Generator (RNG) is perfectly uniformly distributed, it may be correlated to pre-existing information and therefore be predictable. Statistical tests are thus not sufficient to guarantee that an RNG is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-20 Daniela Frauchiger , Renato Renner , Matthias Troyer

Much scientific work has focused on the generation of random numbers as well as the distribution of said random numbers for use as a cryptographic key. However, emphasis is often placed on one of the two to the exclusion of the other, but…

Classical Physics · Physics 2020-08-14 Nicholas Bornman , Andrew Forbes , Achim Kempf

Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) promise perfectly unpredictable random numbers. However, the security certification of the random numbers in form of a stochastic model often introduces assumptions that are either hardly justified…

Many Random Number Generators (RNG) are available nowadays; they are divided in two categories, hardware RNG, that provide "true" random numbers, and algorithmic RNG, that generate pseudo random numbers (PRNG). Both types usually generate…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Andrea C. G. Mennucci

The aim of this paper is to present a new design for a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) that is cryptographically secure, passes all of the usual statistical tests referenced in the literature and hence generates high quality random…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Juan Di Mauro , Eduardo Salazar , Hugo D. Scolnik

We describe random processes (with binary alphabet) whose entropy is less than 1 (per letter), but they mimic true random process, i.e., by definition, generated sequence can be interpreted as the result of the flips of a fair coin with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-12-23 Boris Ryabko

Random number generators play an essential role in cryptography and key distribution. It is thus important to verify whether the random numbers generated from these devices are genuine and unpredictable by any adversary. Recently, quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-07 Shubhayan Sarkar

Randomness is one of the most important resources in modern information science, since encryption founds upon the trust in random numbers. Since it is impossible to prove if an existing random bit string is truly random, it is relevant that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-22 Lukas Oberreiter , Ilja Gerhardt

The entropy or randomness source is an essential ingredient in random number generation. Quantum random number generators generally require well modeled and calibrated light sources, such as a laser, to generate randomness. With…

The generation of random numbers is a task of paramount importance in modern science. A central problem for both classical and quantum randomness generation is to estimate the entropy of the data generated by a given device. Here we present…

Traditional quantum random number generators can produce only one type of random number, while the optimal distribution of random numbers for different applications is usually distinct. The typical solution to this challenge is either using…

It has been found that an algorithm can generate true random numbers on classical computer. The algorithm can be used to generate unbreakable message PIN (personal identification number) and password.

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-08-23 Arindam Mitra

In recent decades, quantum technologies have made significant strides toward achieving quantum utility. However, practical applications are hindered by challenges related to scaling the number of qubits and the depth of circuits. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Pingal Pratyush Nath , Aninda Sinha , Urbasi Sinha

Random number generation is crucial in many aspects of everyday life, as online security and privacy depend ultimately on the quality of random numbers. Many current implementations are based on pseudo-random number generators, but…

Random numbers are a valuable commodity in gaming and gambling, simulation, conventional and quantum cryptography, and in non-conventional computing schemes such as stochastic computing. We propose to generate a random bit using a position…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Heath McCabe , Scott M. Koziol , Gregory L. Snider , Enrique P. Blair

Random numbers are commonly used in many different fields, ranging from simulations in fundamental science to security applications. In some critical cases, as Bell's tests and cryptography, the random numbers are required to be both secure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-14 Marco Avesani , Davide G. Marangon , Giuseppe Vallone , Paolo Villoresi

The security of any cryptographic scheme relies on access to random number generators. Device-independently certified random number generators provide maximum security as one can discard the presence of an intruder by considering only the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-13 Shubhayan Sarkar

Random numbers are central to cryptography and various other tasks. The intrinsic probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics has allowed us to construct a large number of quantum random number generators (QRNGs) that are distinct from the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-21 Vaisakh Mannalath , Sandeep Mishra , Anirban Pathak

The unpredictability of random numbers is fundamental to both digital security and applications that fairly distribute resources. However, existing random number generators have limitations-the generation processes cannot be fully traced,…

A physical random number generator based on the intrinsic randomness of quantum mechanics is described. The random events are realized by the choice of single photons between the two outputs of a beamsplitter. We present a simple device,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 André Stefanov , Nicolas Gisin , Olivier Guinnard , Laurent Guinnard , Hugo Zbinden