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The study addresses the problem of precision in floating-point (FP) computations. A method for estimating the errors which affect intermediate and final results is proposed and a summary of many software simulations is discussed. The basic…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2012-01-31 Glauco Masotti

In this work, we provide energy-efficient architectural support for floating point accuracy. Our goal is to provide accuracy that is far greater than that provided by the processor's hardware floating point unit (FPU). Specifically, for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2013-09-30 Ralph Nathan , Bryan Anthonio , Shih-Lien Lu , Helia Naeimi , Daniel J. Sorin , Xiaobai Sun

Significant inaccuracy often occurs during the process of mathematical calculation due to the digit limitation of floating point, which may lead to catastrophic loss. Normally, people believe that adjustment of floating-point precision is…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2015-12-07 Ran Wang , Xinrui He

A new deterministic floating-point arithmetic called precision arithmetic is developed to track precision for arithmetic calculations. It uses a novel rounding scheme to avoid excessive rounding error propagation of conventional…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Chengpu Wang

Floating-point programs form the foundation of modern science and engineering, providing the essential computational framework for a wide range of applications, such as safety-critical systems, aerospace engineering, and financial analysis.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Youshuai Tan , Zhanwei Zhang , Jinfu Chen , Zishuo Ding , Jifeng Xuan , Weiyi Shang

Floating-point arithmetic performance determines the overall performance of important applications, from graphics to AI. Meeting the IEEE-754 specification for floating-point requires that final results of addition, subtraction,…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Lucas M. Dutton , Christopher Kumar Anand , Robert Enenkel , Silvia Melitta Müller

We provide tools to help automate the error analysis of algorithms that evaluate simple functions over the floating-point numbers. The aim is to obtain tight relative error bounds for these algorithms, expressed as a function of the unit…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-05-07 Jean-Michel Muller , Bruno Salvy

Floating-point accumulation networks (FPANs) are key building blocks used in many floating-point algorithms, including compensated summation and double-double arithmetic. FPANs are notoriously difficult to analyze, and algorithms using…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-27 David K. Zhang , Alex Aiken

Probabilistic model checking computes probabilities and expected values related to designated behaviours of interest in Markov models. As a formal verification approach, it is applied to critical systems; thus we trust that probabilistic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Arnd Hartmanns

Thanks to the computational power of modern cluster machines, numerical simulations can provide, with an unprecedented level of details, new insights into fluid mechanics. However, taking full advantage of this hardware remains challenging…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-09-14 F. Brogi , S. Bnà , G. Boga , G. Amati , T. Esposti Ongaro , M. Cerminara

The use of reduced and mixed precision computing has gained increasing attention in high-performance computing (HPC) as a means to improve computational efficiency, particularly on modern hardware architectures like GPUs. In this work, we…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Bálint Siklósi , Pushpender K. Sharma , David J. Lusher , István Z. Reguly , Neil D. Sandham

Modern computer architectures support low-precision arithmetic, which present opportunities for the adoption of mixed-precision algorithms to achieve high computational throughput and reduce energy consumption. As a growing number of…

Computation · Statistics 2024-12-02 Sahil Bhola , Karthik Duraisamy

Errors in floating-point programs can lead to severe consequences, particularly in critical domains such as military, aerospace, and financial systems, making their repair a crucial research problem. In practice, some errors can be fixed…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Youshuai Tan , Zishuo Ding , Jinfu Chen , Weiyi Shang

Floating-point arithmetic is error-prone and unintuitive. Floating-point debuggers instrument programs to monitor floating-point arithmetic at run time and flag numerical issues. They estimate residues, i.e., the difference between actual…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yumeng He , Pavel Panchekha

We propose a new instruction (FPADDRE) that computes the round-off error in floating-point addition. We explain how this instruction benefits high-precision arithmetic operations in applications where double precision is not sufficient.…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2016-03-03 Marat Dukhan , Richard Vuduc , Jason Riedy

Finite-precision floating point arithmetic unavoidably introduces rounding errors which are traditionally bounded using a worst-case analysis. However, worst-case analysis might be overly conservative because worst-case errors can be…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-12-11 Fredrik Dahlqvist , Rocco Salvia , George A Constantinides

In recent years, half precision floating-point arithmetic has gained wide support in hardware and software stack thanks to the advance of artificial intelligence and machine learning applications. Operating at half precision can…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-19 Longfei Gao , Kevin Harms

In numerical computations, precision of floating-point computations is a key factor to determine the performance (speed and energy-efficiency) as well as the reliability (accuracy and reproducibility). However, precision generally plays a…

There is a growing interest in the use of reduced-precision arithmetic, exacerbated by the recent interest in artificial intelligence, especially with deep learning. Most architectures already provide reduced-precision capabilities (e.g.,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Olivier Sentieys , Daniel Menard

Floating-point program errors can lead to severe consequences, particularly in critical domains such as military applications. Only a small subset of inputs may induce substantial floating-point errors, prompting researchers to develop…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Youshuai Tan , Zhanwei Zhang , Zishuo Ding , Lianyu Zheng , Jinfu Chen , Weiyi Shang
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