Related papers: Uniform van Lambalgen's theorem fails for computab…
We reformulate slightly Russell's notion of typicality, so as to eliminate its circularity and make it applicable to elements of any first-order structure. We argue that the notion parallels Martin-L\"{o}f (ML) randomness, in the sense that…
In this paper we consider permutations of sequences of partitions, obtaining a result which parallels von Neumann's theorem on permutations of dense sequences and uniformly distributed sequences of points.
Can a probabilistic gambler get arbitrarily rich when all deterministic gamblers fail? We study this problem in the context of algorithmic randomness, introducing a new notion -- almost everywhere computable randomness. A binary sequence…
We prove, for stably computably enumerable formal systems, direct analogues of the first and second incompleteness theorems of G\"odel. A typical stably computably enumerable set is the set of Diophantine equations with no integer…
We study Doob's martingale convergence theorem for computable continuous time martingales on Brownian motion, in the context of algorithmic randomness. A characterization of the class of sample points for which the theorem holds is given.…
We prove a computable version of the Hall Harem Theorem where the matching realizes a unary function with controlled sizes of cycles. We apply it to non-amenable computable coarse spaces. As a result, we obtain a computable version of the…
We study Martin-L\"{o}f random (ML-random) points on computable probability measures on sample and parameter spaces (Bayes models). We consider variants of conditional randomness defined by ML-randomness on Bayes models and those of…
Consider a universal Turing machine that produces a partial or total function (or a binary stream), based on the answers to the binary queries that it makes during the computation. We study the probability that the machine will produce a…
A long sequence of tosses of a classical coin produces an apparently random bit string, but classical randomness is an illusion: the algorithmic information content of a classically-generated bit string lies almost entirely in the…
This work uses a simple quantum computer model to discuss the randomness of bit strings originated from integer sequences. The considered quantum computer model has three elements: a processing unit responsible for a mathematical operation,…
We show that $z\in\R^n$ is computably random if and only if every computable monotone function on $\R^n$ is differentiable at $z$.
Building on Lin's breakthrough MIP$^{co}$ = coRE and an encoding of non-local games as universal sentences in the language of tracial von Neumann algebras, we show that locally universal tracial von Neumann algebras have undecidable…
Our focus will be on the computably enumerable (c.e.) sets and trivial, non-trivial, Friedberg, and non-Friedberg splits of the c.e. sets. Every non-computable set has a non-trivial Friedberg split. Moreover, this theorem is uniform. V. Yu.…
Unlike Martin-L\"of randomness and Schnorr randomness, computable randomness has not been defined, except for a few ad hoc cases, outside of Cantor space. This paper offers such a definition (actually, several equivalent definitions), and…
We study algorithmic randomness and monotone complexity on product of the set of infinite binary sequences. We explore the following problems: monotone complexity on product space, Lambalgen's theorem for correlated probability,…
We prove that there exist rational but not uniformly rational smooth algebraic varieties. The proof is based on computing a certain numerical obstruction developed in the case of compactifications of affine spaces. We show that for some…
We introduce a protocol through which a pair of quantum mechanical devices may be used to generate n bits of true randomness from a seed of O(log n) uniform bits. The bits generated are certifiably random based only on a simple statistical…
A seminal theorem due to Weyl states that if (a_n) is any sequence of distinct integers, then, for almost every real number x, the sequence (a_n x) is uniformly distributed modulo one. In particular, for almost every x in the unit interval,…
We study generalizations of Demuth's Theorem, which states that the image of a Martin-L\"of random real under a tt-reduction is either computable or Turing equivalent to a Martin-L\"of random real. We show that Demuth's Theorem holds for…
The algorithmic theory of randomness is well developed when the underlying space is the set of finite or infinite sequences and the underlying probability distribution is the uniform distribution or a computable distribution. These…