Related papers: Nuclear Reactions at Intermediate Energies
Peripheral nucleon-nucleus collisions occur at the high energies mainly through the interaction with one constituent quark from the incident nucleon. The central collisions should involve all three constituent quarks and each of them can…
The spectrum of radially excited hadrons provides much information about the confinement forces in QCD. The confinement is realized most naturally in terms of the QCD string whose quantization gives rise to the radially excited modes. We…
We derive the chiral effective Lagrangian for heavy-light mesons in the heavy quark limit from QCD under proper approximations. The low energy constants in the effective Lagrangian are expressed in terms of the light quark self-energy. With…
We present a detailed study of chemical freeze-out in nucleus-nucleus collisions at beam energies of 11.6, 30, 40, 80 and 158A GeV. By analyzing hadronic multiplicities within the statistical hadronization approach, we have studied the…
Lattice Gauge Theory enables an ab initio study of the low-energy properties of Quantum Chromodynamics, the theory of the strong interaction. I begin these lectures by presenting the lattice formulation of QCD, and then outline the…
The Large Hadron Collider at CERN will provide Pb-Pb collisions at energies up to $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.5 TeV. We speculate on global observables, i.e. the charged particle density at mid-rapidity, chemical freeze-out conditions and…
This work presents an effective model for strongly interacting matter and the QCD equation of state (EoS). The model includes both hadron and quark degrees of freedom and takes into account the transition of chiral symmetry restoration as…
In this Chapter QCD interactions between a quark and an anti-quark are discussed. In the heavy quark limit these potentials can be related to quarkonia and $1/m$ corrections can be systematically determined. Excitations of the ground state…
Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at sufficiently high density is expected to undergo a chiral phase transition. Understanding such a transition is of particular importance for neutron star or quark star physics. In Lagrangian SU(3) lattice…
Starting with the general principles of global and local symmetries, the effective pion-nucleon lagrangian, essentially non-linear in pion field, to describe the non-strange hadrons low-energy electro-weak transitions is developed. We…
We describe the application of Dyson-Schwinger equations to the calculation of hadron observables. The studies at zero temperature (T) and quark chemical potential (mu) provide a springboard for the extension to finite-(T,mu). Our exemplars…
The strong interaction between heavy quarks and the quark gluon plasma makes the open and hidden charm hadrons be sensitive probes of the deconfinement phase transition in high energy nuclear collisions. Both the cold and hot nuclear matter…
This review deals with the structure of hadrons, strongly interacting many-body systems consisting of quarks and gluons. These systems have a size of about 1 fm, which shows up in scattering experiments at low momentum transfers $Q$ in the…
The kaon number density in nucleus+nucleus and p+p reactions is investigated for the first time as a function of the initial energy density $\epsilon$ and is found to exhibit a discontinuity around $\epsilon$=1.3 GeV/fm$^3$. This suggests a…
We consider strong interactions at finite density in mean field theory, through an effective lagrangian that can describe both nuclear matter and quark matter. This lagrangian has three couplings that are all fixed by experiment and no…
The change in the energy of the moving heavy (charm and bottom) quarks due to field fluctuations present in the hot QCD medium has been studied. A finite quark chemical potential has been considered while modeling the hot QCD medium…
A QCD based effective action is constructed to describe the dynamics of confinement and symmetry breaking in the process of parton-hadron conversion. The deconfined quark and gluon degrees of freedom of the perturbative QCD vacuum are…
Most of the analytic approaches which are used at present to understand the low energy hadronic interactions in Particle Physics, get their inspiration from QCD in the limit of a large number of colors $N_c$. I first illustrate this with…
At sufficiently high temperature and density, quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is expected to undergo a phase transition from the confined phase to the quark-gluon plasma phase. In the Lagrangian lattice formulation the Monte Carlo method works…
In these lectures we discuss the uses of effective field theory in studying dense hadronic matter. We focus on two regimes in the phase diagram. At low baryon density nucleons can be described as non-relativistic point particles interacting…