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The prevailing theory for metabolic scaling is based on area-preserved, space-filling fractal vascular networks. However, it's known both theoretically and experimentally that animals' vascular systems obey Murray's cubic branching law.…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-31 Jinkui Zhao

The origin and shape of metabolic scaling has been controversial since Kleiber found that basal metabolic rate of animals seemed to vary as a power law of their body mass with exponent 3/4, instead of 2/3, as a surface-to-volume argument…

The origin of allometric scaling of metabolic rate is a long-standing question in biology. Several models have been proposed for explaining the origin; however, they have advantages and disadvantages. In particular, previous models only…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2015-02-23 Kazuhiro Takemoto

Allometric scaling is one of the most pervasive laws in biology. Its origin, however, is still a matter of dispute. Recent studies have established that maximum metabolic rate scales with an exponent larger than that found for basal…

Biological Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Lauro A. Barbosa , Guilherme J. M. Garcia , Jafferson K. L. da Silva

We examine the scaling law $B \propto M^{\alpha}$ which connects organismal metabolic rate $B$ with organismal mass $M$, where $\alpha$ is commonly held to be 3/4. Since simple dimensional analysis suggests $\alpha=2/3$, we consider this to…

Biological Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter Sheridan Dodds , Daniel H. Rothman , Joshua S. Weitz

The ubiquitous $3/4$ metabolic scaling exponent, known as Kleiber's law, has long been attributed to the minimization of viscous dissipation within fractal transport networks. In this paper, we invert this standard narrative, demonstrating…

Biological Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Riccardo Marchesi

This paper investigates the role of size in biological organisms. More specifically, how the energy demand, expressed by the metabolic rate, changes according to the mass of an organism. Empirical evidence suggests a power-law relation…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2021-05-05 Fabiano L. Ribeiro , William R. L. S. Pereira

Recently, West et al. claimed to derive a general quantitative model based on fundamental principles for the allocation of metabolic energy between maintenance of existing tissue and the production of new biomass, and in addition claimed to…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Jayanth R. Banavar , John Damuth , Amos Maritan , Andrea Rinaldo

We extend a previously theory for the interspecific allometric scaling developed in a $d+1$-dimensional space of metabolic states. The time, which is characteristic of all biological processes, is included as an extra dimension to $d$…

Biological Physics · Physics 2008-02-12 Jafferson K. L. da Silva , Lauro A. Barbosa

The origin of allometric scaling patterns that are multiples of 1/4 has long fascinated biologists. While not universal, scaling relationships with exponents that are close to multiples of 1/4 are common and have been described in all major…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2015-07-29 Charles A. Price , Paul Drake , Erik J. Veneklaas , Michael Renton

Allometry or the quantitative study of the relationship of body size to living organism physiology is an important area of biophysical scaling research. The West-Brown-Enquist (WBE) model of fractal branching in a vascular network explains…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-06-16 Michael Nosonovsky , Prosun Roy

The quarter power allometric scaling of mammalian metabolic rate is largely regarded as a universal law of biology. However, it is well known that cell cultures do not obey this law. The current thinking is that were in-vitro cultures to…

Tissues and Organs · Quantitative Biology 2017-01-23 Arti Ahluwalia

Metabolic scaling is one of the most important patterns in biology. Theory explaining the 3/4-power size-scaling of biological metabolic rate does not predict the non-linear scaling observed for smaller life forms. Here we present a new…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-03-04 Mark E. Ritchie , Christopher P. Kempes

A general simple theory for the interspecific allometric scaling is developed in the $d+1$-dimensional space ($d$ biological lengths and a physiological time) of metabolic states of organisms. It is assumed that natural selection shaped the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2007-10-04 Jafferson K. L. da Silva , Lauro A. Barbosa , Paulo Roberto Silva

Allometric scaling laws, such as Kleiber's law for metabolic rate, highlight how efficiency emerges with size across living systems. The brain, with its characteristic sublinear scaling of activity, has long posed a puzzle: why do larger…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-26 Tiago S. A. N. Simões , José S. Andrade , Hans J. Herrmann , Stefano Zapperi , Lucilla de Arcangelis

One of the most fundamental rules in metabolic ecology is the allometric equation, which is a power-law scaling that describes the connection between body measurements and body size. The biological dynamics of this essentially empirical…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-14 Jia-Xu Han , Zhuangdong Bai , Rui-Wu Wang

A set of general allometric scaling laws is derived for different systems represented by tree networks. The formulation postulates self-similar networks with an arbitrary number of branches developed in each generation, and with an…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-10-06 L. Zavala Sansón , A. González-Villanueva

A longstanding problem in biology has been the origin of pervasive quarter-power allometric scaling laws that relate many characteristics of organisms to body mass (M) across the entire spectrum of life from molecules and microbes to…

Researchers have found that the metabolisms of organisms appear to scale proportionally to a 3/4 power of their mass. Mathematics in this article suggests that the capacity of an isotropically radiating energy supply scales up by a 4/3…

General Physics · Physics 2015-10-12 Robert Shour

Metabolic allometry, a common pattern in nature, is a close-to-3/4-power scaling law between metabolic rate and body mass in organisms, across and within species. An analogous relationship between metabolic rate and water volume in river…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-03-05 Lily Briggs , Mukkai Krishnamoorthy
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