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We discuss the limits of validity of the semiclassical theory of gravity in which a classical metric is coupled to the expectation value of the stress tensor. It is argued that this theory is a good approximation only when the fluctuations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-01 Chung-I Kuo , L. H. Ford

I present the theoretical evidence which suggests that gravity is an emergent phenomenon like gas dynamics or elasticity with the gravitational field equations having the same status as, say, the equations of fluid dynamics/elasticity. This…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-07-13 T. Padmanabhan

The dynamics of a Brownian particle in a constant magnetic field and time-dependent electric field is studied in the limit of white noise, using a Langevin approach for the classical problem and the path-integral Feynman-Vernon and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-06-20 Marco Patriarca , Pasquale Sodano

We study the semiclassical Einstein field equations with a Klein-Gordon field in ultrastatic and static spacetimes. In both cases, the equations for the spacetime metric become constraint equations. In the ultrastatic case, the Hadamard…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-01 Benito A. Juárez-Aubry

In this article we show that Einstein covariance principle provides a wide opportunity in the solutions of different problems of theoretical physics. Here we apply covariance principle in some problems of classical electrodynamics and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 V. M. Mekhitarian , V. E. Mkrtchian

A new principle in quantum gravity, dubbed spacetime complexity, states that gravitational physics emerges from spacetime seeking to optimize the computational cost of its quantum dynamics. Thus far, this principle has been realized at the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-09-29 Rafael Carrasco , Juan F. Pedraza , Andrew Svesko , Zachary Weller-Davies

Semiclassical gravity couples classical gravity to the quantized matter in meanfield approximation. The meanfield coupling is problematic for two reasons. First, it ignores the quantum fluctuation of matter distribution. Second, it violates…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-28 Lajos Diósi

The analysis of space-time data from complex, real-life phenomena requires the use of flexible and physically motivated covariance functions. In most cases, it is not possible to explicitly solve the equations of motion for the fields or…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-06-29 Dionissios T. Hristopulos , Ivi C. Tsantili

In quantizing gravity based on stochastic quantization method, the stochastic time plays a role of the proper time. We study 2D and 4D Euclidean quantum gravity in this context. By applying stochastic quantization method to real symmetric…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 N. Nakazawa

Euclidean quantum gravity might be defined by stochastic quantisation that is governed by a higher order Langevin equation rather than a first order stochastic equation. In a transitory phase where the Lorentz time cannot be defined, the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-06-15 Laurent Baulieu , Siye Wu

A general paradigm for describing classical (and semiclassical) gravity is presented. This approach brings to the centre-stage a holographic relationship between the bulk and surface terms in a general class of action functionals and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 T. Padmanabhan

This work explores the possibility of applying stochastic quantum mechanics to curved spacetimes, with an emphasis on the Schwarzschild black hole. After reviewing the fundamental concepts of this approach, the quantum stochastic equations…

General Physics · Physics 2026-04-20 Juan S. Jerez- Rodríguez , Eric S. Escobar-Aguilar , Tonatiuh Matos

Gravity is treated as a stochastic phenomenon based on fluctuations of the metric tensor of general relativity. By using a (3+1) slicing of spacetime, a Langevin equation for the dynamical conjugate momentum and a Fokker-Planck equation for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 J. W. Moffat

We study fluctuations of the metric in the postquantum theory of classical gravity, a covariant theory which couples a classical spacetime with quantum matter fields. Mathematical consistency requires spacetime to evolve stochastically.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-08 Jonathan Oppenheim , Muhammad Sajjad

I propose the Langevin equation for 3-geometries in the Ashtekar's formalism to describe 4D Euclidean quantum gravity, in the sense that the corresponding Fokker-Planck hamiltonian recovers the hamiltonian in 4D quantum gravity exactly. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-02-03 N. Nakazawa

Classical-particle trajectories are calculated for the static Einstein universe without requiring that the 3-space be closed and curved. Freely-moving test particles are found to return to their starting positions because of strong…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-09-07 F. R. Klinkhamer

The Einstein-Cartan-Kibble-Sciama ({\sf ECKS}) theory of gravity naturally extends Einstein\rq{}s general relativity ({\sf GR}) to include intrinsic angular momentum (spin) of matter. The main feature of this theory consists of an algebraic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-04 Hamid Shabani , Amir Hadi Ziaie

The possibility that a classical space-time and quantum matter cohabit at the deepest level, i.e. the possibility of having a fundamental and not phenomenological semiclassical gravity, is often disregarded for lack of a good candidate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-02 Antoine Tilloy , Lajos Diósi

We provide a relatively self-contained introduction to the application of quantum spacetime and quantum Riemannian geometry to theoretical physics. Recent successes include calculation of the vacuum energy of spacetime curvature…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-08 Shahn Majid

It is very likely that the quantum description of spacetime is quite different from what we perceive at large scales, $l\gg (G\hbar/c^3)^{1/2}$. The long wave length description of spacetime, based on Einstein's equations, is similar to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 T. Padmanabhan