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New and forthcoming deep-wide surveys, from instruments like the HSC, LSST and EUCLID, are poised to revolutionize our understanding of galaxy evolution, by revealing aspects of galaxies that are largely invisible in past wide-area…
With advancements in GPS, remote sensing, and computational simulation, an enormous volume of spatiotemporal data is being collected at an increasing speed from various application domains, spanning Earth sciences, agriculture, smart…
Future surveys such as the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory will observe an order of magnitude more astrophysical transient events than any previous survey before. With this deluge of photometric data,…
The advent of deep, wide, accurate, digital photometric surveys exemplified by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) has had a profound impact on studies of the Milky Way. In the past decade, we have transitioned from a scarcity to an…
Strong gravitational lensing by galaxies is a powerful tool for studying cosmology and galaxy structure. The China Space Station Telescope (CSST) will revolutionize this field by discovering up to $\sim$100,000 galaxy-scale strong lenses, a…
The history and current status of the cross-disciplinary fields of astrostatistics and astroinformatics are reviewed. Astronomers need a wide range of statistical methods for both data reduction and science analysis. With the proliferation…
Observatories are complex scientific and technical institutions serving diverse users and purposes. Their telescopes, instruments, software, and human resources engage in interwoven workflows over a broad range of timescales. These…
An automated, rapid classification of transient events detected in the modern synoptic sky surveys is essential for their scientific utility and effective follow-up using scarce resources. This presents some unusual challenges: the data are…
In recent years, machine learning (ML) algorithms have been successfully employed in Astronomy for analyzing and interpreting the data collected from various surveys. The need for new robust and efficient data analysis tools in Astronomy is…
The Dynamic Targeting (DT) mission concept is an approach to satellite observation in which a lookahead sensor gathers information about the upcoming environment and uses this information to intelligently plan observations. Previous work…
Science is becoming very data intensive1. Today's astronomy datasets with tens of millions of galaxies already present substantial challenges for data mining. In less than 10 years the catalogs are expected to grow to billions of objects,…
The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) is uniquely equipped to search for Solar System bodies due to its unprecedented combination of depth and wide field coverage. Over a ten-year period starting in 2022, LSST will generate the largest…
The distinction between stars and galaxies is a fundamental problem in the field of celestial classification. This issue has become challenging for these ongoing and upcoming digital surveys, which will produce terabytes and even petabytes…
The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) project will conduct a ten year multi-band survey starting in 2022. Observing strategies for this survey are being actively investigated, and the science capabilities can be best forecasted on the…
The next generation of telescopes and instruments are facilitating our understanding of the Universe by producing data at a pace that beats all projections, and astronomers today are left in the face of an avalanche of data like never…
Large-scale astronomical image data processing and prediction are essential for astronomers, providing crucial insights into celestial objects, the universe's history, and its evolution. While modern deep learning models offer high…
Modern scientific data mainly consist of huge datasets gathered by a very large number of techniques and stored in very diversified and often incompatible data repositories. More in general, in the e-science environment, it is considered as…
A concept of the ground-based optical astronomical observations efficiency is considered in this paper. We believe that a telescope efficiency can be increased by properly allocating observation tasks with respect to the current environment…
Observational astronomy has shown significant growth over the last decade and has made important contributions to cosmology. A major paradigm shift in cosmology was brought about by observations of Type Ia supernovae. The notion that the…
In time-domain astronomy, STLF (Short-Timescale and Large Field-of-view) sky survey is the latest way of sky observation. Compared to traditional sky survey who can only find astronomical phenomena, STLF sky survey can even reveal how short…