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As an alternative to using administrative areas for the evaluation of small-area health inequalities, Sauzet et al. suggested to take an ego-centred approach and model the spatial correlation structure of health outcomes at the individual…

Computation · Statistics 2024-05-14 Julia Dyck , Jan-Ole Koslik , Odile Sauzet

Statisticians and quantitative neuroscientists have actively promoted the use of independence relationships for investigating brain networks, genomic networks, and other measurement technologies. Estimation of these graphs depends on two…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-10-15 Fang Han , Huitong Qiu , Han Liu , Brian Caffo

This paper reconsiders the problem of testing the equality of two unspecified continuous distributions. The framework, which we propose, allows for readable and insightful data visualisation and helps to understand and quantify how two…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-04 Bogdan Ćmiel , Teresa Ledwina

We consider the problem of non-parametric testing of independence of two components of a stationary bivariate spatial process. In particular, we revisit the random shift approach that has become a standard method for testing the independent…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-16 Tomas Mrkvicka , Jiri Dvorak , Jonatan A. Gonzalez , Jorge Mateu

The problem of assessing a parametric regression model in the presence of spatial correlation is addressed in this work. For that purpose, a goodness-of-fit test based on a $L_2$-distance comparing a parametric and a nonparametric…

Conditional-independence-based discovery uses statistical tests to identify a graphical model that represents the independence structure of variables in a dataset. These tests, however, can be unreliable, and algorithms are sensitive to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Philipp M. Faller , Dominik Janzing

Test of independence plays a fundamental role in many statistical techniques. Among the nonparametric approaches, the distance-based methods (such as the distance correlation based hypotheses testing for independence) have numerous…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-01-24 Cheng Huang , Xiaoming Huo

In spite of considerable practical importance, current algorithmic fairness literature lacks technical methods to account for underlying geographic dependency while evaluating or mitigating bias issues for spatial data. We initiate the…

Applications · Statistics 2022-01-31 Subhabrata Majumdar , Cheryl Flynn , Ritwik Mitra

In recent years many procedures have been proposed to check the anisotropy of a dataset. We present a new simple procedure, based on a scale dependent approach, to detect anisotropy signatures in a given distribution with particular…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 M. Scuderi , M. De Domenico , A. Insolia , H. Lyberis

We construct a Gaussian random field (GRF) that combines fractional smoothness with spatially varying anisotropy. The GRF is defined through a stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE), where the range, marginal variance, and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-23 Elling Svee , Geir-Arne Fuglstad

Spatial dependence, referring to the correlation between variable values observed at different geographic locations, is one of the most fundamental characteristics of spatial data. The presence of spatial dependence violates the classical…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-06-23 Chuan Chen , Peng Luo

We consider the problem of testing the stationarity and isotropy of a spatial point pattern based on the concept of local spectra. Using a logarithmic transformation, the mechanism of the proposed test is approximately identical to a simple…

Applications · Statistics 2017-01-31 Azam Saadatjouy , Ali R. Taheriyoun , Mohammad Q. Vahidi-Asl

Identifying an appropriate covariance function is one of the primary interests in spatial and spatio-temporal statistics because it allows researchers to analyze the dependence structure of the random process. For this purpose, spatial…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-04 Jongwook Kim , Chunfeng Huang , Nicholas Bussberg

We consider an analysis of variance type problem, where the sample observations are random elements in an infinite dimensional space. This scenario covers the case, where the observations are random functions. For such a problem, we propose…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-26 Joydeep Chowdhury , Probal Chaudhuri

Nonstationarity in spatial and spatio-temporal processes is ubiquitous in environmental datasets, but is not often addressed in practice, due to a scarcity of statistical software packages that implement nonstationary models. In this…

Computation · Statistics 2025-12-10 Quan Vu , Xuanjie Shao , Raphaël Huser , Andrew Zammit-Mangion

Heteroskedastic errors can lead to inaccurate statistical conclusions if they are not properly handled. We introduce a test for heteroskedasticity for the nonparametric regression model with multiple covariates. It is based on a suitable…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-21 Justin Chown , Ursula U. Müller

Symmetry plays a central role in the sciences, machine learning, and statistics. For situations in which data are known to obey a symmetry, a multitude of methods that exploit symmetry have been developed. Statistical tests for the presence…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-24 Kenny Chiu , Benjamin Bloem-Reddy

Spectral-spatial processing has been increasingly explored in remote sensing hyperspectral image classification. While extensive studies have focused on developing methods to improve the classification accuracy, experimental setting and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-08 Jie Liang , Jun Zhou , Yuntao Qian , Lian Wen , Xiao Bai , Yongsheng Gao

We derive the asymptotic distribution of the spatial Cram'{e}r--von Mises statistic for testing bivariate independence in stationary random fields on $\mathbb{R}^2$ under polynomial $\beta$-mixing dependence, and document the Python…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-20 Marco Mandap

Analyzing the covariance structure of data is a fundamental task of statistics. While this task is simple for low-dimensional observations, it becomes challenging for more intricate objects, such as multivariate functions. Here, the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-12 Holger Dette , Gauthier Dierickx , Tim Kutta