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Partial tomography, which focuses on reconstructing reduced density matrices (RDMs), has emerged as a promising approach for characterizing complex quantum systems, particularly when full state tomography is impractical. Recently,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-18 Chao Wei , Tao Xin

A fundamental problem in quantum physics is to establish whether a multiparticle quantum state can be uniquely determined from its local marginals. In theory, this problem has been addressed in the exact case where the marginals are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Wenjun Yu , Fei Shi , Giulio Chiribella , Qi Zhao

It is now experimentally possible to entangle thousands of qubits, and efficiently measure each qubit in parallel in a distinct basis. To fully characterize an unknown entangled state of $n$ qubits, one requires an exponential number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-18 Jordan Cotler , Frank Wilczek

We propose experimentally feasible separability criteria for bipartite systems based on local symmetric measurements. Through detailed examples, we demonstrate that our criteria can detect entanglement more effectively compared to existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Yu Lu , Wen Zhou , Meng Su , Hong-Xing Wu , Shao-Ming Fei , Zhi-Xi Wang

Coherent superpositions are one of the hallmarks of quantum mechanics and are vital for any quantum mechanical device to outperform the classically achievable. Generically, superpositions are verified in interference experiments, but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-04 Benjamin Dive , Nikolaos Koukoulekidis , Stefanos Mousafeiris , Florian Mintert

The problem of universal outlying sequence detection is studied, where the goal is to detect outlying sequences among $M$ sequences of samples. A sequence is considered as outlying if the observations therein are generated by a distribution…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Yuheng Bu , Shaofeng Zou , Venugopal V. Veeravalli

In this paper, we consider the problem of unambiguous discrimination between a set of mixed quantum states. We first divide the density matrix of each mixed state into two parts by the fact that it comes from ensemble of pure quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Chi Zhang , Yuan Feng , Ming Sheng Ying

We outline different approaches to define and quantify decoherence. We argue that a measure based on a properly defined norm of deviation of the density matrix is appropriate for quantifying decoherence in quantum registers. For a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2010-10-12 L. Fedichkin , V. Privman

Separability problem, to decide whether a given state is entangled or not, is a fundamental problem in quantum information theory. We propose a powerful and computationally simple separability criterion, which allows us to detect the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Cheng-Jie Zhang , Yong-Sheng Zhang , Shun Zhang , Guang-Can Guo

A quantum system's state is identified with a density matrix. Though their probabilistic interpretation is rooted in ensemble theory, density matrices embody a known shortcoming. They do not completely express an ensemble's physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-30 Fabio Anza , James P. Crutchfield

We derive necessary and sufficient inseparability conditions imposed on the variance matrix of symmetric qubits. These constraints are identified by examining a structural parallelism between continuous variable states and two qubit states.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. R. Usha Devi , M. S. Uma , R. Prabhu , A. K. Rajagopal

Inferring a quantum system from incomplete information is a common problem in many aspects of quantum information science and applications, where the principle of maximum entropy (MaxEnt) plays an important role. The quantum state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-26 Shi-Yao Hou , Zipeng Wu , Jinfeng Zeng , Ningping Cao , Chenfeng Cao , Youning Li , Bei Zeng

We investigate the separability properties of quantum states described by an extended Werner density matrix, where the classical component exhibits statistical dependence. By generalizing the classical part to allow correlations, we…

General Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Toru Ohira

It is pointed out that separability problem for arbitrary multi-partite states can be fully solved by a finite size, elementary recursive algorithm. In the worse case scenario, the underlying numerical procedure, may grow doubly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Piotr Badziag , Pawel Horodecki , Ryszard Horodecki

We study the quantum separability problem by using general symmetric informationally complete measurements and present a separability criterion for arbitrary dimensional bipartite systems. We show by detailed examples that our criterion is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-10 Le-Min Lai , Tao Li , Shao-Ming Fei , Zhi-Xi Wang

We investigate how quantum coherence can be distributed among the several off-diagonal elements of an arbitrary density matrix. An easily computable quantity that captures this variability notion is proposed and it is argued that it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Fernando Parisio

We clarify different definitions of the density matrix by proposing the use of different names, the full density matrix for a single-closed quantum system, the compressed density matrix for the averaged single molecule state from an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gui Lu Long , Yi-Fan Zhou , Jia-Qi Jin , Yang Sun , Hai-Woong Lee

We study the concepts of compatibility and separability and their implications for quantum and classical systems. These concepts are illustrated on a macroscopic model for the singlet state of a quantum system of two entangled spin 1/2 with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-28 Diederik Aerts , Christian de Ronde , Bart D'Hooghe

Identifying the $k$-partite entanglement and $k$-nonseparability of general $N$-partite quantum states are fundamental issues in quantum information theory. By use of computable inequalities of nonlinear operators, we present some simple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-11 Yan Hong , Ting Gao , Fengli Yan

The paper describes a solution to the problem of quantum measurement that has been proposed recently. The literal understanding of the basic rule of quantum mechanics on identical particles violates the cluster separation principle and so…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-19 Petr Hajicek