Related papers: Second-Order Fermions
We review the construction of Lagrangians for higher spin fields of mixed symmetry in the framework of graded geometry. The main advantage of the graded formalism in this context is that it provides universal expressions, in the sense that…
Higher spin tensor gauge fields have natural gauge-invariant field equations written in terms of generalised curvatures, but these are typically of higher than second order in derivatives. We construct geometric second order field equations…
We consider a possibility to describe spin one-half and higher spins of massive relativistic particles by means of commuting spinors. We present two classical gauge models with the variables $x^\mu,\xi_\alpha,\chi_\alpha$, where $\xi,\chi$…
We study large $N$ 2+1 dimensional fermions in the fundamental representation of an $SU(N)_k$ Chern Simons gauge group in the presence of a uniform background magnetic field for the $U(1)$ global symmetry of this theory. The magnetic field…
We derive a Lagrangian density of Dirac field by employing the local gauge invariance and the Maxwell equation as the fundamental principle. The only assumption made here is that the fermion field should have four components. The present…
In this article we present bosonic T-dualization in double space of the type II superstring theory in pure spinor formulation. We use the action with constant background fields obtained from the general case under some physically and…
We examine a quantum group extension of the standard model. The field operators of the extended theory are obtained by replacing the field operators $\psi$ of the standard model by ${\psi}$D$^j_{mm'}$, where D$^{j}_{mm'}$ are elements of a…
We discuss fermions for arbitrary dimensions and signature of the metric, with special emphasis on euclidean space. Generalized Majorana spinors are defined for $d=2,3,4,8,9$ mod 8, independently of the signature. These objects permit a…
The most natural first-order PDEs to be imposed on a Cayley 4-form in eight dimensions is the condition that it is closed. In this work, we investigate the natural second-order conditions. We start at the linearised level, and construct the…
We investigate the general properties of lattice spin models with emerging fermionic excitations. We argue that fermions always come in pairs and their creation operator always has a string-like structure with the newly created particles…
The Wilson formulation of fermions in lattice gauge theory provides a unified description of the chiral anomalies in the standard model. The discrete Dirac operator diagonalizes into a series of two by two blocks. In each block the possible…
We propose a new, chiral description for massive higher-spin particles in four spacetime dimensions, which facilitates the introduction of consistent interactions. As proof of concept, we formulate three theories, in which higher-spin…
A relativistic quantized particle model avoids difficulties through (1) a Hamiltonian undecomposable into H=H(0)+H(I), (2) a separation of the evolution parameter s from dynamics, (3) "leptons" and "hadrons" composed of "quarks," and (4)…
This paper deals with the time evolution in the matter era of perturbations in Friedman-Lemaitre models with arbitrary density parameter $\Omega$, with either a zero cosmological constant, $\Lambda = 0$, or with a non-zero cosmological…
By using complex quaternion, which is the system of quaternion representation extended to complex numbers, we show that the laws of electromagnetism can be expressed much more simply and concisely. We also derive the quaternion…
We discuss how the Standard Model particles appear from the type IIB matrix model, which is considered to be a nonperturbative formulation of superstring theory. In particular, we are concerned with a constructive definition of the theory,…
New, gauge-independent, second-order Lagrangian for the motion of classical, charged test particles is proposed. It differs from the standard, gauge-dependent, first order Lagrangian by boundary terms only. A new method of deriving…
We reexamine the connection between spin and statistics through the quantization of a complex scalar field, using the formulation with the property that the hermitian conjugate of canonical momentum for a variable is just the canonical…
The three-dimensional complexified exteriour bundle $C \otimes \Lambda(R^3)$ is proposed as a geometric interpretation of electroweak doublets of Dirac fermions. The Dirac equation on this bundle allows a staggered discretization on a…
The alternative version of Hamiltonian formalism for higher-derivative theories is proposed. As compared with the standard Ostrogradski approach it has the following advantages: (i) the Lagrangian, when expressed in terms of new variables…