Related papers: Overlapping latin subsquares and full products

A defining set of a Latin square is a partially filled-in Latin square which completes to no other Latin square of the same order. We introduce the concept of a $k$-strong defining set, in which if less than $k$ entries are deleted, the…

A quantum Latin square of order $n$ (denoted as QLS$(n)$) is an $n\times n$ array whose entries are unit column vectors from the $n$-dimensional Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}_n$, such that each row and column forms an orthonormal basis. Two…

A quantum Latin square of order $n$ (denoted as QLS$(n)$) is an $n\times n$ array whose entries are unit column vectors from the $n$-dimensional Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}_n$, such that each row and column forms an orthonormal basis. Two…

A critical set in an $n \times n$ array is a set $C$ of given entries, such that there exists a unique extension of $C$ to an $n\times n$ Latin square and no proper subset of $C$ has this property. The cardinality of the largest critical…

We introduce a notion of parity for transversals, and use it to show that in Latin squares of order $2 \bmod 4$, the number of transversals is a multiple of 4. We also demonstrate a number of relationships (mostly congruences modulo 4)…

We recall the Alon-Tarsi conjecture on the number of even latin squares. We introduce a map which switches the parity of a latin square under certain requirements. An example is included.

Constructive and nonconstructive techniques are employed to enumerate Latin squares and related objects. It is established that there are (i) 2036029552582883134196099 main classes of Latin squares of order 11; (ii)…

Let $T(n)$ denote the maximal number of transversals in an order-$n$ Latin square. Improving on the bounds obtained by McKay et al., Taranenko recently proved that $T(n) \leq \left((1+o(1))\frac{n}{e^2}\right)^{n}$, and conjectured that…

A (partial) Latin square is a table of multiplication of a (partial) quasigroup. Multiplication of a (partial) quasigroup may be considered as a set of triples. We give a necessary and sufficient condition when a set of triples is a…

In this paper we study collections of mutually nearly orthogonal Latin squares ($\text{MNOLS}$), which come from a modification of the orthogonal condition for mutually orthogonal Latin squares. In particular, we find the maximum $\mu$ such…

An $n \times n$ partial Latin square $P$ is called $\alpha$-dense if each row and column has at most $\alpha n$ non-empty cells and each symbol occurs at most $\alpha n$ times in $P$. An $n \times n$ array $A$ where each cell contains a…

We prove a conjecture by Garbe et al. [arXiv:2010.07854] by showing that a Latin square is quasirandom if and only if the density of every 2x3 pattern is 1/720+o(1). This result is the best possible in the sense that 2x3 cannot be replaced…

We prove a general result on completing objects similar to Latin rectangles in which the number of occurrences of each symbol is prescribed, each cell contains multiple symbols, and no cell contains repeated symbols. This generalizes…

A Latin array is a matrix of symbols in which no symbol occurs more than once within a row or within a column. A diagonal of an $n\times n$ array is a selection of $n$ cells taken from different rows and columns of the array. The weight of…

An array is row-Latin if no symbol is repeated within any row. An array is Latin if it and its transpose are both row-Latin. A transversal in an $n\times n$ array is a selection of $n$ different symbols from different rows and different…

Similar to how standard Young tableaux represent paths in the Young lattice, Latin rectangles may be use to enumerate paths in the poset of semi-magic squares with entries zero or one. The symmetries associated to determinant preserve this…

A transversal in an $n \times n$ latin square is a collection of $n$ entries not repeating any row, column, or symbol. Kwan showed that almost every $n \times n$ latin square has $\bigl((1 + o(1)) n / e^2\bigr)^n$ transversals as $n \to…

A partial Latin square of order $n$ can be represented by a $3$-dimensional chess-board of size $n\times n\times n$ with at most $n^2$ non-attacking rooks. In Latin squares, a subsystem and its most distant mate together have as many rooks…

Two Latin squares $L=[l(i,j)]$ and $M=[m(i,j)]$, of even order $n$ with entries $\{0,1,2,\ldots,n-1\}$, are said to be nearly orthogonal if the superimposition of $L$ on $M$ yields an $n\times n$ array $A=[(l(i,j),m(i,j))]$ in which each…

Let $P$ be a partial latin square of prime order $p>7$ consisting of three cyclically generated transversals. Specifically, let $P$ be a partial latin square of the form: \[ P=\{(i,c+i,s+i),(i,c'+i,s'+i),(i,c''+i,s''+i)\mid 0 \leq i< p\} \]…