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We give an introduction to phase transitions in the steady states of systems that evolve stochastically with equilibrium and nonequilibrium dynamics, the latter defined as those that do not possess a time-reversal symmetry. We try as much…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 R. A. Blythe

In open quantum systems, a clear distinction between work and heat is often challenging, and extending the quantum Jarzynski equality to systems evolving under general quantum channels beyond unitality remains an open problem in quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-10 Akira Sone , Yi-Xiang Liu , Paola Cappellaro

The exploration of far-from-equilibrium systems has been at the forefront of nonequilibrium thermodynamics, with a particular focus on understanding the fluctuations and response of thermodynamic systems to external perturbations. In this…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-02-13 Kangqiao Liu , Jie Gu

We derive the nonequilibrium transient state work fluctuation theorem and also the Jarzynski equality for a classical harmonic oscillator linearly coupled to a harmonic heat bath, which is dragged by an external agent. Coupling with the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-07-09 Rajarshi Chakrabarti

Two identities in statistical mechanics involving entropy differences (or ratios of density of states) at constant energy are derived. The first provides a nontrivial extension of the Jarzynski equality to the microcanonical ensemble [C.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Artur B. Adib

Brownian dynamics simulations are used to study the detachment of a particle from a substrate. Although the model is simple and generic, we attempt to map its energy, length and time scales onto a specific experimental system, namely a bead…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-01-08 Emma Hodges , B. M. Cooke , E. M. Sevick , Debra J. Searles , B. Duenweg , J. Ravi Prakash

Experiments show that macroscopic systems in a stationary nonequilibrium state exhibit long range correlations of the local thermodynamic variables. In previous papers we proposed a Hamilton-Jacobi equation for the nonequilibrium free…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-12-18 L. Bertini , A. De Sole , D. Gabrielli , G. Jona-Lasinio , C. Landim

When a thermally isolated system performs a driving process in the quasistatic regime, its variation of average energy is equal to its quasistatic work. Even though presenting this simple definition, few attempts have been made to describe…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-02-17 Pierre Nazé

We present a unified and simple method for deriving work theorems for classical and quantum Hamiltonian systems, both under equilibrium conditions and in a steady state. Throughout the paper, we adopt the partitioning of the total…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-07-30 M. F. Gelin , D. S. Kosov

Jarzynski Equality (JE) and the thermodynamic integration method are conventional methods to calculate free energy difference (FED) between two equilibrium states with constant temperature of a system. However, a number of ensemble samples…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-09-01 Weitao Chen

We extend Jarzynski's work relation and the second law of thermodynamics to a heat conducting system which is operated by an external agent. These extensions contain a new non equilibrium contribution expressed as the violation of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-09-25 Naoko Nakagawa

We consider macroscopic systems in weak contact with boundary reservoirs and under the action of external fields. We present an explicit formula for the Hamiltonian of such systems, from which we deduce the equation of motions, the action…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-11-14 Angèle Bouley , Claudio Landim

We study the motion of an overdamped colloidal particle in a time-dependent non-harmonic potential. We demonstrate the first law-like balance between applied work, exchanged heat, and internal energy on the level of a single trajectory. The…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 V. Blickle , T. Speck , L. Helden , U. Seifert , C. Bechinger

We consider a macroscopic system in contact with boundary reservoirs and/or under the action of an external field. We discuss the case in which the external forcing depends explicitly on time and drives the system from a nonequilibrium…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-05 L. Bertini , D. Gabrielli , G. Jona-Lasinio , C. Landim

Generalizing response theory of open systems far from equilibrium is a central quest of nonequilibrium statistical physics. Using stochastic thermodynamics, we develop an algebraic method to study the response of nonequilibrium steady state…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-08-09 Timur Aslyamov , Massimiliano Esposito

We illustrate some of the static and dynamic relations discovered by Cohen, Crooks, Evans, Jarzynski, Kirkwood, Morriss, Searles, and Zwanzig. These relations link nonequilibrium processes to equilibrium isothermal free energy changes and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-04-21 William G. Hoover , Carol G. Hoover

To describe the nonequilibrium states of a system we introduce a new thermodynamic parameter - the lifetime of a system. The statistical distributions which can be obtained out of the mesoscopic description characterizing the behaviour of a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 V. V. Ryazanov , S. G. Shpyrko

We consider damped stochastic systems in a controlled (time-varying) quadratic potential and study their transition between specified Gibbs-equilibria states in finite time. By the second law of thermodynamics, the minimum amount of work…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-03-23 Yongxin Chen , Tryphon Georgiou , Allen Tannenbaum

We briefly introduce the quantum Jarzynski and Bochkov-Kuzovlev equalities in isolated quantum Hamiltonian systems, which includes the origin of the equalities, their derivations using a quantum Feynman-Kac formula, the quantum Crooks…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-19 Fei Liu , Zhong-can Ou-Yang

The time evolution of correlation functions in statistical systems is described by an exact functional differential equation for the corresponding generating functionals. This allows for a systematic discussion of non-equilibrium physics…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 Christof Wetterich