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It was recently recognized that interdependencies among different networks can play a crucial role in triggering cascading failures and hence system-wide disasters. A recent model shows how pairs of interdependent networks can exhibit an…
We present analytic and numeric results for percolation in a network formed of interdependent spatially embedded networks. We show results for a treelike and a random regular network of networks each with $(i)$ unconstrained interdependent…
We study the percolation in coupled networks with both inner-dependency and inter-dependency links, where the inner- and inter-dependency links represent the dependencies between nodes in the same or different networks, respectively. We…
In the real world, the stable operation of a network is usually inseparable from the mutual support of other networks. In such an interdependent network, a node in one layer may depend on multiple nodes in another layer, forming a complex…
We study the cascading failures in a system composed of two interdependent square lattice networks A and B placed on the same Cartesian plane, where each node in network A depends on a node in network B randomly chosen within a certain…
We study a system composed from two interdependent networks A and B, where a fraction of the nodes in network A depends on the nodes of network B and a fraction of the nodes in network B depends on the nodes of network A. Due to the…
Recent studies show that in interdependent networks a very small failure in one network may lead to catastrophic consequences. Above a critical fraction of interdependent nodes, even a single node failure can invoke cascading failures that…
Multilayer networked systems are ubiquitous in nature and engineering, and the robustness of these systems against failures is of great interest. A main line of theoretical pursuit has been percolation induced cascading failures, where…
We study the mutual percolation of a system composed of two interdependent random regular networks. We introduce a notion of distance to explore the effects of the proximity of interdependent nodes on the cascade of failures after an…
When real networks are considered, coupled networks with connectivity and feedback-dependency links are not rare but more general. Here we develop a mathematical framework and study numerically and analytically percolation of interacting…
The function of a real network depends not only on the reliability of its own components, but is affected also by the simultaneous operation of other real networks coupled with it. Robustness of systems composed of interdependent network…
We consider robustness and percolation properties of the networks of networks, in which random nodes in different individual networks (layers) can be interdependent. We explore the emergence of the giant mutually connected component,…
The robustness of complex networks with dependencies has been studied in recent years. However, previous studies focused on the robustness of networks composed of dependency links without network topology. In this study, we will analyze the…
In reality, many real-world networks interact with and depend on other networks. We develop an analytical framework for studying interacting networks and present an exact percolation law for a network of $n$ interdependent networks (NON).…
Interdependent networks have been shown to be extremely vulnerable based on the percolation model. Parshani et. al further indicated that the more inter-similar networks are, the more robust they are to random failure. Our understanding of…
Robustness of two coupled networks system has been studied only for dependency coupling (S. Buldyrev et. al., Nature, 2010) and only for connectivity coupling (E. A. Leicht and R. M. D'Souza, arxiv:09070894). Here we study, using a…
Almost all network research has been focused on the properties of a single network that does not interact and depends on other networks. In reality, many real-world networks interact with other networks. Here we develop an analytical…
We study the mutual percolation of two interdependent lattice networks ranging from two to seven dimensions, denoted as $D$. We impose that the length of interdependent links connecting nodes in the two lattices be less than or equal to a…
Recently much attention has been paid to the study of the robustness of interdependent and multiplex networks and, in particular, networks of networks. The robustness of interdependent networks can be evaluated by the size of a mutually…
When an initial failure of nodes occurs in interdependent networks, a cascade of failure between the networks occurs. Earlier studies focused on random initial failures. Here we study the robustness of interdependent networks under targeted…