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This paper investigates the shape reconstructions of sub-wavelength objects from near-field measurements in transverse electromagnetic scattering. This geometric inverse problem is notoriously ill-posed and challenging. We develop a novel…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-05-03 M. H. Ding , H. Y. Liu , G. H. Zheng

We present a detailed analysis of a new, iterative density reconstruction algorithm. This algorithm uses a decreasing smoothing scale to better reconstruct the density field in Lagrangian space. We implement this algorithm to run on the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-19 Xinyi Chen , Nikhil Padmanabhan

Ultrasound computed tomography (USCT) holds great promise for breast cancer screening. Waveform inversion-based image reconstruction methods account for higher order diffraction effects and can produce high-resolution USCT images, but are…

Medical Physics · Physics 2017-08-25 Thomas P. Matthews , Kun Wang , Cuiping Li , Neb Duric , Mark A. Anastasio

Image reconstruction in X-ray tomography is an ill-posed inverse problem, particularly with limited available data. Regularization is thus essential, but its effectiveness hinges on the choice of a regularization parameter that balances…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Chuyang Wu , Samuli Siltanen

Discontinuity preserving smoothing is a fundamentally important procedure that is useful in a wide variety of image processing contexts. It is directly useful for noise reduction, and frequently used as an intermediate step in higher level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2011-03-31 Stuart B. Heinrich , Wesley E. Snyder

Feature preserving image interpolation is an active area in image processing field. In this paper a new direct edge directed image super-resolution algorithm based on structure tensors is proposed. Using an isotropic Gaussian filter, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-12-30 Ahmadreza Baghaie , Zeyun Yu

We introduce a novel formulation for curvature regularization by penalizing normal curvatures from multiple directions. This total normal curvature regularization is capable of producing solutions with sharp edges and precise isotropic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Tianle Lu , Ke Chen , Yuping Duan

Image downscaling is one of the key operations in recent display technology and visualization tools. By this process, the dimension of an image is reduced, aiming to preserve structural integrity and visual fidelity. In this paper, we…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-28 G B Kevin Arjun , Suvrojit Mitra , Sanjay Ghosh

Much research has been devoted to the problem of restoring Poissonian images, namely for medical and astronomical applications. However, the restoration of these images using state-of-the-art regularizers (such as those based on multiscale…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-10-10 Mário A. T. Figueiredo , José M. Bioucas-Dias

Regularization approaches have demonstrated their effectiveness for solving ill-posed problems. However, in the context of variational restoration methods, a challenging question remains, which is how to find a good regularizer. While total…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-10-25 Nelly Pustelnik , Caroline Chaux , Jean-Christophe Pesquet

We propose a novel model for decomposing grayscale images into three distinct components: the structural part, representing sharp boundaries and regions with strong light-to-dark transitions; the smooth part, capturing soft shadows and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Roy Y. He , Hao Liu

Image smoothing is a fundamental image processing operation that preserves the underlying structure, such as strong edges and contours, and removes minor details and textures in an image. Many image smoothing algorithms rely on computing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Nhat Thanh Tran , Kevin Bui , Jack Xin

Higher-Order Hypergraph Learning (HOHL) was recently introduced as a principled alternative to classical hypergraph regularization, enforcing higher-order smoothness via powers of multiscale Laplacians induced by the hypergraph structure.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Adrien Weihs , Andrea L. Bertozzi , Matthew Thorpe

We propose an efficient and robust iterative solution to the multi-object matching problem. We first clarify serious limitations of current methods as well as the inappropriateness of the standard iteratively reweighted least squares…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Yunpeng Shi , Shaohan Li , Gilad Lerman

In this paper we demonstrate that the framework of nonlinear spectral decompositions based on total variation (TV) regularization is very well suited for image fusion as well as more general image manipulation tasks. The well-localized and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-24 Martin Benning , Michael Möller , Raz Z. Nossek , Martin Burger , Daniel Cremers , Guy Gilboa , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

We introduce a method for fast estimation of data-adapted, spatio-temporally dependent regularization parameter-maps for variational image reconstruction, focusing on total variation (TV)-minimization. Our approach is inspired by recent…

Total Generalized Variation (TGV) regularization in image reconstruction relies on an infimal convolution type combination of generalized first- and second-order derivatives. This helps to avoid the staircasing effect of Total Variation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-09 Michael Hintermüller , Kostas Papafitsoros , Carlos N. Rautenberg , Hongpeng Sun

Existing deep-learning based tomographic image reconstruction methods do not provide accurate estimates of reconstruction uncertainty, hindering their real-world deployment. This paper develops a method, termed as the linearised deep image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-07 Javier Antorán , Riccardo Barbano , Johannes Leuschner , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato , Bangti Jin

Natural image matting, which separates foreground from background, is a very important intermediate step in recent computer vision algorithms. However, it is severely underconstrained and difficult to solve. State-of-the-art approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-04-16 Philip G. Lee , Ying Wu

This work introduces and characterizes a fast parameterless filter based on the Helgason-Ludwig consistency conditions, used to improve the accuracy of analytical reconstructions of tomographic undersampled datasets. The filter, acting in…

Medical Physics · Physics 2016-09-22 Filippo Arcadu , Jakob Vogel , Marco Stampanoni , Federica Marone