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Continued fraction expansions provide a well-established bridge between algebraic properties of numbers and combinatorics on words. In this article, we investigate the algebraicity of $p$-adic numbers whose continued fractions arise from…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-21 Laura Capuano , Sara Checcoli , Marzio Mula , Lea Terracini

We prove the convergence of a wide class of continued fractions, including generalized continued fractions over quaternions and octonions. Fractional points in these systems are not bounded away from the unit sphere, so that the iteration…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-26 Anton Lukyanenko , Joseph Vandehey

This paper continues the author's previous studies on continued fractions and Heron's algorithm, as from his former JMM2017 presentation (see \cite{CF.HA}).\par\medskip Extending the notion of continued fraction to the $p$-adic fields, one…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-03-11 Antonino Leonardis

Let $f(x)$ be a square free quartic polynomial defined over a quadratic field $K$ such that its leading coefficient is a square. If the continued fraction expansion of $\displaystyle \sqrt{f(x)}$ is periodic, then its period $n$ lies in the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-07-01 Mohammad Sadek

We develop the geometry of Hurwitz continued fractions, a major tool in understanding the approximation properties of complex numbers by ratios of Gaussian integers. Based on a thorough study of the geometric properties of Hurwitz continued…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-20 Yann Bugeaud , Gerardo Gonzalez Robert , Mumtaz Hussain

We introduce a random dynamical system related to continued fraction expansions. It uses random combination of the Gauss map and the R\'enyi (or backwards) continued fraction map. We explore the continued fraction expansions that this…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-07-22 Charlene Kalle , Tom Kempton , Evgeny Verbitskiy

The direct calculation of the Generalized operator entropy proves difficult by the appearance of rational exponents of matrices. The main motivation of this work is to overcome these difficulties and to present a practical and efficient…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-10-17 Sarra Ahallal , Said Mennou , Ali Kacha

We consider series of the form $$ \frac{p}{q} +\sum_{j=2}^\infty \frac{1}{x_j}, $$ where $x_1=q$ and the integer sequence $(x_n)$ satisfies a certain non-autonomous recurrence of second order, which entails that $x_n|x_{n+1}$ for $n\geq 1$.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-11 Andrew N. W. Hone

Multidimensional continued fractions (MCFs) were introduced by Jacobi and Perron in order to generalize the classical continued fractions. In this paper, we propose an introductive fundamental study about MCFs in the field of the $p$--adic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-05-02 Nadir Murru , Lea Terracini

We statistically compare the relationships between frequencies of digits in continued fraction expansions of typical rational points in the unit interval and higher dimensional generalisations. This takes the form of a Large Deviation and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-07-16 Valérie Berthé , Stephen Cantrell , Jungwon Lee , Mark Pollicott

We calculate the formal analytic expansions of certain formal translations in a space of formal iterated logarithmic and exponential variables. The results show how the algebraic structure naturally involves the Stirling numbers of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-05-26 Thomas J. Robinson

We detail the continued fraction expansion of the square root of a monic polynomials of even degree. We note that each step of the expansion corresponds to addition of the divisor at infinity, and interpret the data yielded by the general…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alfred J. van der Poorten

Motivated by recent developments in the metrical theory of continued fractions for real numbers concerning the growth of consecutive partial quotients, we consider its analogue over the field of formal Laurent series. Let $A_n(x)$ be the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-02-25 Hui Hu , Mumtaz Hussain , Yueli Yu

Following advances in the abstract theory of composites, we develop rapidly converging series expansions about $z=\infty$ for the resolvent ${\bf R}(z)=[z{\bf I}-{\bf P}^\dagger{\bf Q}{\bf P}]^{-1}$ where ${\bf Q}$ is an orthogonal…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-02 Graeme W. Milton

We extend classical results on variational inequalities with convex sets with gradient constraint to a new class of fractional partial differential equations in a bounded domain with constraint on the distributional Riesz fractional…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-02-19 José Francisco Rodrigues , Lisa Santos

If the odd and even parts of a continued fraction converge to different values, the continued fraction may or may not converge in the general sense. We prove a theorem which settles the question of general convergence for a wide class of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-01-03 Douglas Bowman , James Mc Laughlin

We define a continued fraction map associated with the $\mathfrak o(\sqrt{-3})$-module $\mathcal J = \eta \cdot\mathfrak o(\sqrt{-3})$, $\eta = \frac{3 + \sqrt{-3}}{2}$, which is an Eisenstein field version of the continued fraction map…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-21 Nakada Hitoshi , Natsui Rie , Toyosumi Mako

A basic result in the elementary theory of continued fractions says that two real numbers share the same tail in their continued fraction expansions iff they belong to the same orbit under the projective action of PGL(2,Z). This result was…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-09-13 Giovanni Panti

We consider an analogue of Nakada's $\alpha$-continued fraction transformation in the setting of continued fractions with odd partial quotients. More precisely, given $\alpha \in [\frac{1}{2}(\sqrt{5}-1),\frac{1}{2}(\sqrt{5}+1)]$, we show…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-07-03 Florin P. Boca , Claire Merriman

Legendre found that the continued fraction expansion of $\sqrt N$ having odd period leads directly to an explicit representation of $N$ as the sum of two squares. Similarly, it is shown here that the continued fraction expansion of $\sqrt…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-11 Michele Elia