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Inductive theorem proving is an important long-standing challenge in computer science. In this extended abstract, we first summarize the recent developments of proof by induction for Isabelle/HOL. Then, we propose united reasoning, a novel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Yutaka Nagashima

Dependent type theory gives an expressive type system facilitating succinct formalizations of mathematical concepts. In practice, it is mainly used for interactive theorem proving with intensional type theories, with PVS being a notable…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Johannes Niederhauser , Chad E. Brown , Cezary Kaliszyk

Automated theorem provers and formal proof assistants are general reasoning systems that are in theory capable of proving arbitrarily hard theorems, thus solving arbitrary problems reducible to mathematics and logical reasoning. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Lasse Blaauwbroek , David Cerna , Thibault Gauthier , Jan Jakubův , Cezary Kaliszyk , Martin Suda , Josef Urban

We present simple new Hoare logics and refinement calculi for hybrid systems in the style of differential dynamic logic. (Refinement) Kleene algebra with tests is used for reasoning about the program structure and generating verification…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Simon Foster , Jonathan Julián Huerta y Munive , Georg Struth

Phishing detection systems are predominantly rely on statistical machine learning models, which often lack contextual reasoning and are vulnerable to adversarial manipulation. In this work, we propose a hybrid framework that integrates…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Mainak Sen , Kumar Sankar Ray , Amlan Chakrabarti

Proof assistants, such as Isabelle/HOL, offer tools to facilitate inductive theorem proving. Isabelle experts know how to use these tools effectively; however, they did not have a systematic way to encode their expertise. To address this…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-07-08 Yutaka Nagashima

We present a generic framework that facilitates object level reasoning with logics that are encoded within the Higher Order Logic theorem proving environment of HOL Light. This involves proving statements in any logic using intuitive…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Petros Papapanagiotou , Jacques Fleuriot

This study presents the first examination of the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to follow reasoning strategies that are used to guide Automated Theorem Provers (ATPs). We evaluate the performance of GPT4, GPT3.5 Turbo and Google's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Lachlan McGinness , Peter Baumgartner

Logical reasoning is a core challenge in natural language understanding and a fundamental capability of artificial intelligence, underpinning scientific discovery, mathematical theorem proving, and complex decision-making. Despite the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Qingchuan Li , Mingyue Cheng , Zirui Liu , Daoyu Wang , Yuting Zeng , Tongxuan Liu

Automated proof generation for formal software verification remains largely unresolved despite advances in large language models (LLMs). While LLMs perform well in NLP, vision, and code generation, formal verification still requires…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Youngjoo Ahn , Sangyeop Yeo , Gijung Im , Jongmin Lee , Jinyoung Yeo , Jieung Kim

Automated Theorem Proving (ATP) in formal languages remains a formidable challenge in AI, demanding rigorous logical deduction and navigating vast search spaces. While large language models (LLMs) have shown promising performance, existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Zhenwen Liang , Linfeng Song , Yang Li , Tao Yang , Feng Zhang , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

Quantum Hoare Logic (QHL) was introduced in Ying's work to specify and reason about quantum programs. In this paper, we implement a theorem prover for QHL based on Isabelle/HOL. By applying the theorem prover, verifying a quantum program…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-01-18 Tao Liu , Yangjia Li , Shuling Wang , Mingsheng Ying , Naijun Zhan

An approach for encoding abstract dialectical frameworks and their semantics into classical higher-order logic is presented. Important properties and semantic relationships are formally encoded and proven using the proof assistant…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Antoine Martina , Alexander Steen

Vampire has been for a long time the strongest first-order automatic theorem prover, widely used for hammer-style proof automation in ITPs such as Mizar, Isabelle, HOL, and Coq. In this work, we considerably improve the performance of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Martin Suda

We consider the problem of how to verify the security of probabilistic oblivious algorithms formally and systematically. Unfortunately, prior program logics fail to support a number of complexities that feature in the semantics and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Pengbo Yan , Toby Murray , Olga Ohrimenko , Van-Thuan Pham , Robert Sison

In this chapter we present a case study, drawn from our research work, on the application of a fully automated theorem prover together with an automatic counter-example generator in the investigation of a class of algebraic structures. We…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Rob Arthan , Paulo Oliva

Higher-order logic HOL offers a very simple syntax and semantics for representing and reasoning about typed data structures. But its type system lacks advanced features where types may depend on terms. Dependent type theory offers such a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Colin Rothgang , Florian Rabe , Christoph Benzmüller

A flexible infrastructure for normative reasoning is outlined. A small-scale demonstrator version of the envisioned system has been implemented in the proof assistant Isabelle/HOL by utilising the first authors universal logical reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Christoph Benzmüller , Xavier Parent

The problem-solving in automated theorem proving (ATP) can be interpreted as a search problem where the prover constructs a proof tree step by step. In this paper, we propose a deep reinforcement learning algorithm for proof search in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Mitsuru Kusumoto , Keisuke Yahata , Masahiro Sakai

HolPy is an interactive theorem proving system implemented in Python. It uses higher-order logic as the logical foundation. Its main features include a pervasive use of macros in producing, checking, and storing proofs, a JSON-based format…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Bohua Zhan