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In contrast to the usual understanding of probabilistic systems as stochastic processes, recently these systems have also been regarded as transformers of probabilities. In this paper, we give a natural definition of strong bisimulation for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-05-12 Holger Hermanns , Jan Krčál , Jan Křetínský

The bisimulation metric (BSM) is a powerful tool for analyzing state similarities within a Markov decision process (MDP), revealing that states closer in BSM have more similar optimal value functions. While BSM has been successfully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Zhenyu Tao , Wei Xu , Xiaohu You

In this paper, we build double theories capturing the idea of nondeterministic behaviors and trajectories. Following Libkind and Myers' Double Operadic Theory of Systems, we construct monoidal semi double categories of interfaces, along…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Paul Zhongpeng Wang

In this paper we propose definitions of equivalence via stochastic bisimulation and of equivalence of stochastic external behavior for the class of discrete-time stochastic linear control systems with possibly degenerate normally…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-28 Giordano Pola , Costanzo Manes , Arjan J. van der Schaft , Maria Domenica Di Benedetto

We introduce a general and compositional, yet simple, framework that allows us to derive soundness and expressiveness results for modal logics characterizing behavioural equivalences or metrics (also known as Hennessy-Milner theorems). It…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Harsh Beohar , Sebastian Gurke , Barbara König , Karla Messing

We consider systems of rational agents who act and interact in pursuit of their individual and collective objectives. We study and formalise the reasoning of an agent, or of an external observer, about the expected choices of action of the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Valentin Goranko , Fengkui Ju

The bisimulation metric (BSM) is a powerful tool for computing state similarities within a Markov decision process (MDP), revealing that states closer in BSM have more similar optimal value functions. While BSM has been successfully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Zhenyu Tao , Wei Xu , Xiaohu You

We consider the problem of state estimation from limited discrete and noisy measurements. In particular, we focus on modal state estimation, which approximates the unknown state of the system within a prescribed basis. We estimate the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-08 Lev Kakasenko , Alen Alexanderian , Mohammad Farazmand , Arvind K. Saibaba

Plausibility models are Kripke models that agents use to reason about knowledge and belief, both of themselves and of each other. Such models are used to interpret the notions of conditional belief, degrees of belief, and safe belief. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Mikkel Birkegaard Andersen , Thomas Bolander , Hans van Ditmarsch , Martin Holm Jensen

Learning generalizeable policies from visual input in the presence of visual distractions is a challenging problem in reinforcement learning. Recently, there has been renewed interest in bisimulation metrics as a tool to address this issue;…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Martin Bertran , Walter Talbott , Nitish Srivastava , Joshua Susskind

Probabilistic automata (PA), also known as probabilistic nondeterministic labelled transition systems, combine probability and nondeterminism. They can be given different semantics, like strong bisimilarity, convex bisimilarity, or (more…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Filippo Bonchi , Alexandra Silva , Ana Sokolova

We give Hennessy-Milner classes for intuitionistic, dual-intuitionistic and bi-intuitionistic logic interpreted in intuitionistic Kripke models, and generalise these results to modal (dual- and bi-)intuitionistic logics. Our main technical…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-05-06 Jim de Groot , Dirk Pattinson

Time-delay systems are an important class of dynamical systems that provide a solid mathematical framework to deal with many application domains of interest. In this paper we focus on nonlinear control systems with unknown and time-varying…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-12-13 Giordano Pola , Pierdomenico Pepe , Maria Domenica Di Benedetto

Probabilistic game structures combine both nondeterminism and stochasticity, where players repeatedly take actions simultaneously to move to the next state of the concurrent game. Probabilistic alternating simulation is an important tool to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Chenyi Zhang , Jun Pang

Multi-state models are frequently applied for representing processes evolving through a discrete set of state. Important classes of multi-state models arise when transitions between states may depend on the time since entry into the current…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-28 Rosario Barone , Andrea Tancredi

This paper introduces the counterpart of strong bisimilarity for labelled transition systems extended with time-out transitions. It supports this concept through a modal characterisation, congruence results for a standard process algebra…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Rob van Glabbeek

In studies of bundled modalities, we encode a complex conceptual notion into the semantics of a single modal operator and study its logic. Although there is already a substantial body of work on various concrete bundled operators, we still…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Yifeng Ding , Yuanzhe Yang

Desharnais, Gupta, Jagadeesan and Panangaden introduced a family of behavioural pseudometrics for probabilistic transition systems. These pseudometrics are a quantitative analogue of probabilistic bisimilarity. Distance zero captures…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Franck van Breugel , Babita Sharma , James Worrell

Inquisitive modal logic, InqML, is a generalisation of standard Kripke-style modal logic. In its epistemic incarnation, it extends standard epistemic logic to capture not just the information that agents have, but also the questions that…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-07-28 Ivano Ciardelli , Martin Otto

Behavioural equivalences can be characterized via bisimulation, modal logics, and spoiler-duplicator games. In this paper we work in the general setting of coalgebra and focus on generic algorithms for computing the winning strategies of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Barbara König , Christina Mika-Michalski , Lutz Schröder