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We study the implications of including many covariates in a first-step estimate entering a two-step estimation procedure. We find that a first order bias emerges when the number of \textit{included} covariates is "large" relative to the…

Econometrics · Economics 2018-07-27 Matias D. Cattaneo , Michael Jansson , Xinwei Ma

Modern large-scale statistical models require to estimate thousands to millions of parameters. This is often accomplished by iterative algorithms such as gradient descent, projected gradient descent or their accelerated versions. What are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-04 Michael Celentano , Andrea Montanari , Yuchen Wu

The present manuscript is concerned with component-wise estimation of the positive power of ordered restricted standard deviation of two normal populations with certain restrictions on the means. We propose several improved estimators under…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Somnath Mondal , Lakshmi Kanta Patra

Ordering the expected outcomes across a collection of clusters after performing a covariate adjustment commonly arises in many applied settings, such as healthcare provider evaluation. Regression parameters in such covariate adjustment…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-21 Nicholas C. Henderson , Nicholas Hartman

We show that in the context of classification the property of source and target distributions to be related by covariate shift may be lost if the information content captured in the covariates is reduced, for instance by dropping components…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-16 Dirk Tasche

Motivated by value function estimation in reinforcement learning, we study statistical linear inverse problems, i.e., problems where the coefficients of a linear system to be solved are observed in noise. We consider penalized estimators,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Bernardo Avila Pires , Csaba Szepesvari

We address the problem of robust sparse estimation of the precision matrix for heavy-tailed distributions in high-dimensional settings. In such high-dimensional contexts, we observe that the covariance matrix can be approximated by a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-06 Zhengke Lu , Long Feng

We consider inference in linear regression models that is robust to heteroskedasticity and the presence of many control variables. When the number of control variables increases at the same rate as the sample size the usual…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-29 Koen Jochmans

In randomized clinical trials, adjustments for baseline covariates at both design and analysis stages are highly encouraged by regulatory agencies. A recent trend is to use a model-assisted approach for covariate adjustment to gain…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-07-14 Ting Ye , Jun Shao , Yanyao Yi , Qingyuan Zhao

We construct an estimator $\widehat{\Sigma}$ for covariance matrices of unknown, centred random vectors X, with the given data consisting of N independent measurements $X_1,...,X_N$ of X and the wanted confidence level. We show under…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-14 Pedro Abdalla , Shahar Mendelson

In an increasing number of applications, it is of interest to recover an approximately low-rank data matrix from noisy observations. This paper develops an unbiased risk estimate---holding in a Gaussian model---for any spectral estimator…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-11 Emmanuel J. Candes , Carlos A. Sing-Long , Joshua D. Trzasko

In optimization problems, the quality of a candidate solution can be characterized by the optimality gap. For most stochastic optimization problems, this gap must be statistically estimated. We show that for risk-averse problems, standard…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-05 E. Ruben van Beesten , Nick W. Koning , David P. Morton

Suppose data are fitted to some parametric model but that the true model happens to be one with an additional parameter. When a parameter is to be estimated one can use likelihood estimation in the wider model or in the narrow model.…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-27 Nils Lid Hjort

We consider the problem of multivariate location and scatter matrix estimation when the data contain cellwise and casewise outliers. Agostinelli et al. (2015) propose a two-step approach to deal with this problem: first, apply a univariate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-12-28 Andy Leung , Victor J. Yohai , Ruben H. Zamar

We propose an empirically stable and asymptotically efficient covariate-balancing approach to the problem of estimating survival causal effects in data with conditionally-independent censoring. This addresses a challenge often encountered…

Analytic evaluation of heteroskedasticity consistent covariance matrix estimates (HCCME) is difficult because of the complexity of the formulae currently available. We obtain new analytic formulae for the bias of a class of estimators of…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-05-06 Mumtaz Ahmed , Asad Zaman

We study the accuracy of estimating the covariance and the precision matrix of a $D$-variate sub-Gaussian distribution along a prescribed subspace or direction using the finite sample covariance. Our results show that the estimation…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-01-14 Zeljko Kereta , Timo Klock

Estimating a high-dimensional sparse covariance matrix from a limited number of samples is a fundamental problem in contemporary data analysis. Most proposals to date, however, are not robust to outliers or heavy tails. Towards bridging…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-04 John Goes , Gilad Lerman , Boaz Nadler

Modern datasets are often in the form of matrices or arrays,potentially having correlations along each set of data indices. For example, data involving repeated measurements of several variables over time may exhibit temporal correlation as…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-08-13 Peter D. Hoff

Uncertainty quantification is a critical aspect of machine learning models, providing important insights into the reliability of predictions and aiding the decision-making process in real-world applications. This paper proposes a novel way…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Yusuf Sale , Paul Hofman , Lisa Wimmer , Eyke Hüllermeier , Thomas Nagler