Related papers: Ignition threshold for non-Maxwellian plasmas
Gyrokinetic simulations of magnetic reconnection are presented to investigate plasma heating for strongly magnetized, weakly collisional plasmas. For a low plasma beta case, parallel and perpendicular phase mixing strongly enhance energy…
New facilities explore warm dense matter (WDM) at extreme conditions where the densities are very high (e.g., carbon up to density of 50 g cm$^{-3}$) so that electrons are degenerate even at 100 eV temperature. Whereas in the non-degenerate…
The motion of an ion in a coherent lower hybrid wave (characterized by |k_parallel| << |k_perp| and omega >> Omega_i) in a tokamak plasma is studied. For ions satisfying v_perp > omega/k_perp, the Lorentz force law for the ions is reduced…
At asymptotically high energies, thermalization in heavy ion collisions can be described via weak-coupling QCD. We present a complete treatment of how thermalization proceeds, at the parametric weak-coupling level. We show that plasma…
The challenge of demonstrating that the matter produced in heavy ion collisions is a deconfined quark-gluon plasma, as predicted by lattice QCD calculations, is the challenge of measuring the number of thermodynamic degrees of freedom \nu ~…
The 2.45 GHz plasma torch CO$_2\to$ CO + $\frac12$O$_2$ conversion experiment [F A D"Isa et al. Plasma Sources Sci. Technol., vol. 29 (2020) 105009] has been compared with thermo-chemical calculations. The 1.5D model of the…
We investigate seven eruptive plasma observations by Hinode/XRT. Their corresponding EUV and/or white light CME features are visible in some events. Five events are observed in several passbands in X-rays, which allows the determination of…
The absorption by neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium (IGM) produces the Ly$\alpha$ forest in the spectra of quasars. The Ly$\alpha$ forest absorbers have a broad distribution of neutral hydrogen column density $N_{\rm HI}$ and…
We point out that inflaton decay products acquire plasma masses during the reheating phase following inflation. The plasma masses may render inflaton decay kinematicaly forbidden, causing the temperature to remain frozen for a period at a…
There are two main methods of nulcear fusion: inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and magnetic confinement fusion (MCF). Existing thermonuclear reactors are very complex, expensive, large, and heavy. They cannot achieve the Lawson creterion.…
We study the onset of electron heating in intense laser-solid interactions and its impact on the spectral quality of radiation pressure accelerated ions in both hole boring and light sail regimes. Two- and three-dimensional particle-in-cell…
Within of the framework of semiclassical approximation a general formalism for deriving an effective current generating bremsstrahlung of arbitrary number of soft gluons (longitudinal or transverse ones) in scattering of higher-energy…
Deuterium-tritium (DT) burning requires a long energy confinement times compared to collision times, so the particle distribution functions must approximate local-Maxwellians. Non-equilibrium thermodynamics is applicable, which gives…
At low densities the standard ionisation history of the intergalactic medium (IGM) predicts a decreasing temperature of the IGM with decreasing density once hydrogen (and helium) reionisation is complete. Heating the high-redshift,…
Radio Frequency (RF) driven helicon plasma sources are commonly used for their ability to produce high-density argon plasmas (n > 10^19/m^3) at relatively moderate powers (typical RF power < 2 kW). Typical electron temperatures are < 10 eV…
Possible deviations from a radiation-dominated evolution, occurring prior the synthesis of light nuclei, impacted on the spectral energy density of high-frequency gravitons. For a systematic scrutiny of this situation, the $\Lambda$CDM…
Inertial Confinement Fusion is a promising option to provide massive, clean, and affordable energy for mankind in the future. The present status of research and development is hindered by hydrodynamical instabilities occurring at the…
The floating potential of a probe, emitting a sufficiently high electron current, yields a fairly accurate approximation of the plasma potential. This is an advantage in comparison to the conventional Langmuir probe where, after…
Free energy, internal energy, and specific heat for each of the three phonon spectrum branches of a magnetized Coulomb crystal with body-centered cubic lattice are calculated by numerical integration over the Brillouin zone in the range of…
Contemporary models of bounded plasmas assume that the target plasma electron temperature far exceeds the temperature of the cold electrons emitted from the target, T_emit. We show that when the sheath facing a collisional plasma becomes…