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Quantum computing holds the promise of solving classically intractable problems. Enabling this requires scalable and hardware-efficient quantum processors with vanishing error rates. This perspective manuscript describes how bosonic codes,…

We show how to realize a general quantum circuit involving gates between arbitrary pairs of qubits by means of geometrically local quantum operations and efficient classical computation. We prove that circuit-level local stochastic noise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-22 Shin Ho Choe , Robert Koenig

Fault tolerance is widely regarded as indispensable for achieving scalable and reliable quantum computing. However, the spacetime overhead required for fault-tolerant quantum computating remains prohibitively large. A critical challenge…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-26 Pei Zeng , Guo Zheng , Qian Xu , Liang Jiang

Mid-circuit measurements (MCMs) are critical components of the quantum error correction protocols expected to enable utility-scale quantum computing. MCMs can be modeled by quantum instruments (a type of quantum operation or process), which…

We describe a fault-tolerant one-way quantum computer on cluster states in three dimensions. The presented scheme uses methods of topological error correction resulting from a link between cluster states and surface codes. The error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-07-24 R. Raussendorf , J. Harrington , K. Goyal

Color code is a promising topological code for fault-tolerant quantum computing. Insufficient research on the color code has delayed its practical application. In this work, we address several key issues to facilitate practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 Jiaxuan Zhang , Yu-Chun Wu , Guo-Ping Guo

Quantum computing has made significant advancements in the last years in both hardware and software. Unfortunately, the currently available Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware is still heavily affected by noise. Many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Tobias Forster , Nils Quetschlich , Robert Wille

Noise and errors are inevitable parts of any practical implementation of a quantum computer. As a result, large-scale quantum computation will require ways to detect and correct errors on quantum information. Here, we present such a quantum…

Exploring an efficient and scalable architecture of fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) is vital for demonstrating useful quantum computing. Here, we propose and evaluate a scalable and practical architecture with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-29 Rui Asaoka , Yasunari Suzuki , Yuuki Tokunaga

We study the problem of compilation of quantum algorithms into optimized physical-level circuits executable in a quantum information processing (QIP) experiment based on trapped atomic ions. We report a complete strategy: starting with an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-22 Dmitri Maslov

Many-body fermionic systems can be simulated in a hardware-efficient manner using a fermionic quantum processor. Neutral atoms trapped in optical potentials can realize such processors, where non-local fermionic statistics are guaranteed at…

Quantum computers show promise to solve select problems otherwise intractable on classical computers. However, noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era devices are currently prone to various sources of error. Quantum error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Maxwell Poster , Sayam Sethi , Jonathan Baker

Bosonic codes encode quantum information into a single infinite-dimensional physical system endowed with error correction capabilities. This reduces the need for complex management of many physical constituents compared with standard…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Long D. H. My , Shushen Qin , Hui Khoon Ng

The central challenge in building a quantum computer is error correction. Unlike classical bits, which are susceptible to only one type of error, quantum bits ("qubits") are susceptible to two types of error, corresponding to flips of the…

The promise of quantum computers hinges on the ability to scale to large system sizes, e.g., to run quantum computations consisting of more than 100 million operations fault-tolerantly. This in turn requires suppressing errors to levels…

We simulate the implementation of a T-gate, or $\frac{\pi}{8}$-gate, for a [7,1,3] encoded logical qubit in a non-equiprobable error environment. We demonstrate that the use of certain non-fault tolerant methods in the implementation may…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 Yaakov S. Weinstein

The efficient decomposition of multi-controlled gates is a significant factor in quantum compiling, both in circuit depth and T-gate count. Recent work has demonstrated that qudits have the potential to reduce resource requirements from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-09 Michael Hanks , M. S. Kim

Quantum noise in real-world devices poses a significant challenge in achieving practical quantum advantage, since accurately compiled and executed circuits are typically deep and highly susceptible to decoherence. To facilitate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-13 Yuchen Guo , Shuo Yang

Quantum error correction represents a significant advancement in large-scale quantum computing. However, achieving fault-tolerant implementations of non-Clifford logical gates with reduced overhead remains a challenge in the popular surface…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Zhi-Cheng He , Zheng-Yuan Xue

Scaling up quantum computers to attain substantial speedups over classical computing requires fault tolerance. Conventionally, protocols for fault-tolerant quantum computation demand excessive space overheads by using many physical qubits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-29 Hayata Yamasaki , Masato Koashi