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Modern chess engines achieve superhuman performance through deep tree search and regressive evaluation, while human players rely on intuition to select candidate moves followed by a shallow search to validate them. To model this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Andrew Hamara , Greg Hamerly , Pablo Rivas , Andrew C. Freeman

Do neural networks build their representations through smooth, gradual refinement, or via more complex computational processes? We investigate this by extending the logit lens to analyze the policy network of Leela Chess Zero, a superhuman…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Elias Sandmann , Sebastian Lapuschkin , Wojciech Samek

There are an increasing number of domains in which artificial intelligence (AI) systems both surpass human ability and accurately model human behavior. This introduces the possibility of algorithmically-informed teaching in these domains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Zhenwei Tang , Difan Jiao , Reid McIlroy-Young , Jon Kleinberg , Siddhartha Sen , Ashton Anderson

Deep reinforcement learning is poised to revolutionise the field of AI and represents a step towards building autonomous systems with a higher level understanding of the visual world. Currently, deep learning is enabling reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Kai Arulkumaran , Marc Peter Deisenroth , Miles Brundage , Anil Anthony Bharath

People have made remarkable progress in game AIs, especially in domain of perfect information game. However, trick-taking poker game, as a popular form of imperfect information game, has been regarded as a challenge for a long time. Since…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Naichen Shi , Ruichen Li , Sun Youran

In order perform a large variety of tasks and to achieve human-level performance in complex real-world environments, Artificial Intelligence (AI) Agents must be able to learn from their past experiences and gain both knowledge and an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-13 Andrei Claudiu Roibu

Deep neural networks are largely used for complex prediction tasks. There is plenty of empirical evidence of their successful end-to-end training for a diversity of tasks. Success is often measured based solely on the final performance of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Sergio Y. Hayashi , Nina S. T. Hirata

AI systems that can capture human-like behavior are becoming increasingly useful in situations where humans may want to learn from these systems, collaborate with them, or engage with them as partners for an extended duration. In order to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Reid McIlroy-Young , Russell Wang , Siddhartha Sen , Jon Kleinberg , Ashton Anderson

In this article, we review recent Deep Learning advances in the context of how they have been applied to play different types of video games such as first-person shooters, arcade games, and real-time strategy games. We analyze the unique…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Niels Justesen , Philip Bontrager , Julian Togelius , Sebastian Risi

Identifying the configuration of chess pieces from an image of a chessboard is a problem in computer vision that has not yet been solved accurately. However, it is important for helping amateur chess players improve their games by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Georg Wölflein , Ognjen Arandjelović

The field of collective intelligence studies how teams can achieve better results than any of the team members alone. The special case of human-machine teams carries unique challenges in this regard. For example, human teams often achieve…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-11 David Shoresh , Yonatan Loewenstein

Recent work in deep reinforcement learning has allowed algorithms to learn complex tasks such as Atari 2600 games just from the reward provided by the game, but these algorithms presently require millions of training steps in order to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-09 Benjamin Spector , Serge Belongie

Recent advancements in AI have accelerated the evolution of versatile robot designs. Chess provides a standardized environment for evaluating the impact of robot behavior on human behavior. This article presents an open-source chess robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Renchi Zhang , Joost de Winter , Dimitra Dodou , Harleigh Seyffert , Yke Bauke Eisma

Machine Learning techniques have been used to teach computer programs how to play games as complicated as Chess and Go. These were achieved using powerful tools such as Neural Networks and Parallel Computing on Supercomputers. In this…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-12-01 Pedro M. F. Pereira

We train an agent to compete in the game of Gardner minichess, a downsized variation of chess played on a 5x5 board. We motivated and applied a SOTA actor-critic method Proximal Policy Optimization with Generalized Advantage Estimation. Our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Michael Sun , Robert Tan

Werewolf is a popular party game throughout the world, and research on its significance has progressed in recent years. The Werewolf game is based on conversation, and in order to win, participants must use all of their cognitive abilities.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Mohiuddeen Khan , Claus Aranha

Many poker systems, whether created with heuristics or machine learning, rely on the probability of winning as a key input. However calculating the precise probability using combinatorics is an intractable problem, so instead we approximate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-08-24 Brandon Da Silva

Negotiation is a process where agents aim to work through disputes and maximize their surplus. As the use of deep reinforcement learning in bargaining games is unexplored, this paper evaluates its ability to exploit, adapt, and cooperate to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Ho-Chun Herbert Chang

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems have made remarkable progress, attaining super-human performance across various domains. This presents us with an opportunity to further human knowledge and improve human expert performance by leveraging…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Lisa Schut , Nenad Tomasev , Tom McGrath , Demis Hassabis , Ulrich Paquet , Been Kim

Chess engines passed human strength years ago, but they still don't play like humans. A grandmaster under clock pressure blunders in ways a club player on a hot streak never would. Conventional engines capture none of this. This paper…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Diego Armando Resendez Prado