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Large Language Models (LLMs) are reported to hold undesirable attestation bias on inference tasks: when asked to predict if a premise P entails a hypothesis H, instead of considering H's conditional truthfulness entailed by P, LLMs tend to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Tianyang Liu , Tianyi Li , Liang Cheng , Mark Steedman

We evaluate two large language models (LLMs) ability to perform argumentative reasoning. We experiment with argument mining (AM) and argument pair extraction (APE), and evaluate the LLMs' ability to recognize arguments under progressively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Adrian de Wynter , Tangming Yuan

This paper focuses on task-agnostic prompt compression for better generalizability and efficiency. Considering the redundancy in natural language, existing approaches compress prompts by removing tokens or lexical units according to their…

The key challenge in semantic search is to create models that are both accurate and efficient in pinpointing relevant sentences for queries. While BERT-style bi-encoders excel in efficiency with pre-computed embeddings, they often miss…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Zihan Liao , Hang Yu , Jianguo Li , Jun Wang , Wei Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable results on tasks framed as reasoning problems, yet their true ability to perform procedural reasoning, executing multi-step, rule-based computations remains unclear. Unlike algorithmic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Mahdi Samiei , Mahdi Mansouri , Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah

This paper introduces a novel approach for efficiently distilling LLMs into smaller, application-specific models, significantly reducing operational costs and manual labor. Addressing the challenge of deploying computationally intensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Lukas Vöge , Vincent Gurgul , Stefan Lessmann

Modern neural networks do not always produce well-calibrated predictions, even when trained with a proper scoring function such as cross-entropy. In classification settings, simple methods such as isotonic regression or temperature scaling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Steven Reich , David Mueller , Nicholas Andrews

Recent efforts leverage knowledge distillation techniques to develop lightweight and practical sentiment analysis models. These methods are grounded in human-written instructions and large-scale user texts. Despite the promising results,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Guangyu Xie , Yice Zhang , Jianzhu Bao , Qianlong Wang , Yang Sun , Bingbing Wang , Ruifeng Xu

Sequence-level knowledge distillation reduces the size of Seq2Seq models for more efficient abstractive summarization. However, it often leads to a loss of abstractiveness in summarization. In this paper, we propose a novel approach named…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Hwanjun Song , Igor Shalyminov , Hang Su , Siffi Singh , Kaisheng Yao , Saab Mansour

Unlike the predictable scaling laws in natural language processing and computer vision, protein language models (PLMs) scale poorly: for many tasks, models within the same family plateau or even decrease in performance, with mid-sized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Darius Catrina , Christian Bepler , Samuel Sledzieski , Rohit Singh

In this paper we examine the limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs) for complex reasoning tasks. Although recent works have started to employ formal languages as an intermediate representation for reasoning tasks, they often face…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Shashank Kirtania , Priyanshu Gupta , Arjun Radhakirshna

Large language models (LLMs) can spend extra compute during inference to generate intermediate thoughts, which helps to produce better final responses. Since Chain-of-Thought (Wei et al., 2022), many such System 2 techniques have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Ping Yu , Jing Xu , Jason Weston , Ilia Kulikov

Abstractive summarization at controllable lengths is a challenging task in natural language processing. It is even more challenging for domains where limited training data is available or scenarios in which the length of the summary is not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Ritesh Sarkhel , Moniba Keymanesh , Arnab Nandi , Srinivasan Parthasarathy

The shift toward interacting with frozen, "black-box" Large Language Models (LLMs) has transformed prompt engineering from a heuristic exercise into a critical optimization challenge. We propose a Reinforcement Learning (RL) framework for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Krishna Sayana , Ketan Todi , Ambarish Jash

Recent progress of abstractive text summarization largely relies on large pre-trained sequence-to-sequence Transformer models, which are computationally expensive. This paper aims to distill these large models into smaller ones for faster…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Shengqiang Zhang , Xingxing Zhang , Hangbo Bao , Furu Wei

Software model checkers based on under-approximations and SMT solvers are very successful at verifying safety (i.e. reachability) properties. They combine two key ideas -- (a) "concreteness": a counterexample in an under-approximation is a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-06-11 Anvesh Komuravelli , Arie Gurfinkel , Sagar Chaki , Edmund M. Clarke

We consider the problem of making expressive static analyzers interactive. Formal static analysis is seeing increasingly widespread adoption as a tool for verification and bug-finding, but even with powerful cloud infrastructure it can take…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Benno Stein , Bor-Yuh Evan Chang , Manu Sridharan

Autoregressive Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in language understanding and generation. However, their application in text embedding tasks has been relatively slow, along with the analysis of their semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Zhaoxin Feng , Jianfei Ma , Emmanuele Chersoni , Xiaojing Zhao , Xiaoyi Bao

Model transformation tools assist system designers by reducing the labor--intensive task of creating and updating models of various aspects of systems, ensuring that modeling assumptions remain consistent across every model of a system, and…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Natasha Jarus , Sahra Sedigh Sarvestani , Ali Hurson

LPMLN is a probabilistic extension of answer set programs with the weight scheme adapted from Markov Logic. We study the concept of strong equivalence in LPMLN, which is a useful mathematical tool for simplifying a part of an LPMLN program…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Joohyung Lee , Man Luo