Related papers: A two-dimensional Birkhoff's theorem

Birkhoff's variety theorem, a fundamental theorem of universal algebra, asserts that a subclass of a given algebra is definable by equations if and only if it satisfies specific closure properties. In a generalized version of this theorem,…

We present a common framework to study varieties in great generality from a categorical point of view. The main application of this study is in the setting of algebraic categories, where we introduce Birkhoff varieties which are essentially…

An algebraic theory, sometimes called an equational theory, is a theory defined by finitary operations and equations, such as the theories of groups and of rings. It is well known that algebraic theories are equivalent to finitary monads on…

We introduce a new notion of recursively generated enriched term which generalizes the one studied in joint work with Rosick\'y. These new terms come together with a notion of term-interpretability, which recovers the same type of…

A variety is a category of ordered (finitary) algebras presented by inequations between terms. We characterize categories enriched over the category of posets which are equivalent to a variety. This is quite analogous to Lawvere's classical…

Taking symmetric powers of varieties can be seen as a functor from the category of varieties to the category of varieties with an action by the symmetric group. We study a corresponding map between the Grothendieck groups of these…

This document provides a formal proof of Birkhoff's completeness theorem for multi-sorted algebras which states that any equational entailment valid in all models is also provable in the equational theory. More precisely, if a certain…

We introduce discrete equational theories where operations are induced by those having discrete arities. We characterize the corresponding monads as monads preserving surjections. Using it, we prove Birkhoff type theorems for categories of…

We define strict and weak duality involutions on 2-categories, and prove a coherence theorem that every bicategory with a weak duality involution is biequivalent to a 2-category with a strict duality involution. For this purpose we…

The paper extends Birkhoff's theorem on doubly stochastic matrices to some countable families of discrete probability spaces with nonempty intersections. We join every two elements lying in the same probability space by an edge and…

The purpose of the present paper is to show that: Eilenberg-type correspondences = Birkhoff's theorem for (finite) algebras + duality. We consider algebras for a monad T on a category D and we study (pseudo)varieties of T-algebras.…

We generalize Barr's embedding theorem for regular categories to the context of enriched categories.

This work reveals a fundamental link between general covariance and Birkhoff's theorem. We extend Birkhoff's theorem from general relativity to a broad class of generally covariant gravity theories formulated in the Hamiltonian framework.…

We define varieties of algebras for an arbitrary endofunctor on a cocomplete category using pairs of natural transformations. This approach is proved to be equivalent to the one of equational classes defined by equation arrows. Free…

We develop an analogue of universal algebra in which generating symbols are interpreted as relations. We prove a variety theorem for these relational algebraic theories, in which we find that their categories of models are precisely the…

The validity conditions for the extended Birkhoff theorem in multidimensional gravity with $n$ internal spaces are formulated, with no restriction on space-time dimensionality and signature. Examples of matter sources and geometries for…

Our main theorem is that the inclusion of a Birkhoff variety in the affine Grassmannian is a homotopy equivalence. We also construct analogues of tubular neighborhoods for Birkhoff and Schubert varieties. We include some observations on…

Algebraic theories, sometimes called equational theories, are syntactic notions given by finitary operations and equations, such as monoids, groups, and rings. There is a well-known category-theoretic treatment of them that algebraic…

We define generalized bialgebras and Hopf algebras and on this basis we introduce quantum categories and quantum groupoids. The quantization of the category of linear (super)spaces is constructed. We establish a criterion for the classical…

We present generalization of the Bloom variety theorem of ordered algebras in fuzzy setting. We introduce algebras with fuzzy orders which consist of sets of functions which are compatible with particular binary fuzzy relations called fuzzy…