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Related papers: The r-process in Magnetorotational Supernovae

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Recent spectroscopic studies have revealed the presence of numerous carbon-enhanced, metal-poor stars with [Fe/H] < -2.0 that exhibit strong enhancements of s-process elements. These stars are believed to be the result of a binary…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 S. Wanajo , K. Nomoto , N. Iwamoto , Y. Ishimaru , T. C. Beers

A large star-to-star variation in the abundances of r-process elements, as seen in the [Eu/Fe] ratio for Galactic halo stars, is a prominent feature that is distinguishable from other heavy elements. It is, in part, caused by the presence…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-02-12 Takuji Tsujimoto , Nobuya Nishimura , Koutarou Kyutoku

We present a model to explain the wide range of abundances for heavy r-process elements (mass number A > 130) at low [Fe/H]. This model requires rapid star formation and/or an initial population of supermassive stars in the earliest…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 G. J. Wasserburg , Y. -Z. Qian

The stellar record of elemental abundances in satellite galaxies is important to identify the origin of r-process because such a small stellar system could have hosted a single r-process event, which would distinguish member stars that are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-29 Takuji Tsujimoto , Tadafumi Matsuno , Wako Aoki , Miho N. Ishigaki , Toshikazu Shigeyama

We analyze data from several studies of metal-poor stars in the Milky Way, focusing on both strong (Eu) and weak (Sr) $r$-process elements. Because these elements were injected in an explosion, we calculate the mass swept up when the blast…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-09-12 Phillip Macias , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz

We use cosmological, magnetohydrodynamical simulations of Milky Way-mass galaxies from the Auriga project to study their enrichment with rapid neutron capture (r-process) elements. We implement a variety of enrichment models from both…

Knowledge of abundance ratios as functions of metallicity can lead to insights on the origin and evolution of our Galaxy and its stellar populations. We aim to trace the chemical evolution of the neutron-capture elements Sr, Zr, La, Ce, Nd,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-26 Chiara Battistini , Thomas Bensby

Probing the origin of r-process elements in the universe represents a multi-disciplinary challenge. We review the observational evidence that probe the properties of r-process sites, and address them using galactic chemical evolution…

Neutron star mergers (NSMs) produce copious amounts of heavy r-process elements after a time delayed inspiral process. Once NSMs are present in a galaxy, r-process elements, such as Eu, are expected to significantly increase with time. Yet,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-04-17 Xiaowei Ou , Alexander P. Ji , Anna Frebel , Rohan P. Naidu , Guilherme Limberg

The dominant site of production of $r$-process elements remains unclear despite recent observations of a neutron star merger. Observational constraints on the properties of the sites can be obtained by comparing $r$-process abundances in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-06-16 Tadafumi Matsuno , Yutaka Hirai , Yuta Tarumi , Kenta Hotokezaka , Masaomi Tanaka , Amina Helmi

For the origin of heavy r-process elements, different sources have been proposed, e.g., core-collapse supernovae or neutron star mergers. Old metal-poor stars carry the signature of the astrophysical source(s). Among the elements dominantly…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-09-17 B. Wehmeyer , M. Pignatari , F. -K. Thielemann

Context. The origin of the large star-to-star variation of the [Eu/Fe] ratios observed in the extremely metal-poor (at [Fe/H]$\leq-3$) stars of the Galactic halo is still a matter of debate.\\ Aims. In this paper, we explore this problem by…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-06-21 L. Cavallo , G. Cescutti , F. Matteucci

A model is proposed in which the light r-process element enrichment in metal-poor stars is explained via enrichment from a truncated r-process, or "tr-process." The truncation of the r-process from a generic core-collapse event followed by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-10-20 M. A. Famiano , T. Kajino , W. Aoki , T. Suda

Some of the heavy elements, such as gold and europium (Eu), are almost exclusively formed by the rapid neutron capture process (r-process). However, it is still unclear which astrophysical site between core-collapse supernovae and neutron…

In this study we investigate the chemical enrichment of the rapid neutron-capture process in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). We measure [Eu/Fe] abundance ratios in 209 giant stars that are confirmed members of the SMC, providing the first…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-13 Samuele Anoardo , Alessio Mucciarelli , Marco Palla , Lorenzo Santarelli , Carmela Lardo , Donatella Romano

The origin of r-process elements remains unidentified and still puzzles us. The recent discovery of evidence for the ejection of r-process elements from a short-duration gamma-ray burst singled out neutron star mergers (NSMs) as their…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-05-08 Takuji Tsujimoto , Toshikazu Shigeyama

From newly-obtained high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio spectra the abundances of the elements La and Eu have been determined over the stellar metallicity range -3<[Fe/H]<+0.3 in 159 giant and dwarf stars. Lanthanum is predominantly…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. Simmerer , C. Sneden , J. J. Cowan , J. Collier , V. M. Woolf , J. E. Lawler

A renewed interest about the origin of \emph{r}-process elements has been stimulated by the multi-messenger observation of the gravitational event GW170817, with the detection of both gravitational waves and electromagnetic waves…

Recent observations of heavy elements produced by rapid neutron capture (r-process) in the halo have shown a striking and unexpected behavior: within a single star, the relative abundances of r-process elements heavier than Eu are the same…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Brian D. Fields , James W. Truran , John J. Cowan

This chapter presents an overview of the recent progress on spectroscopic observations of metal-poor stars with r-process element signatures found in the Milky Way's stellar halo and satellite dwarf galaxies. Major empirical lessons related…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-24 Anna Frebel , Alexander P. Ji