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The large temperature gradients in the solar transition region present a significant challenge to large scale numerical modelling of the Sun's atmosphere. In response, a variety of techniques have been developed which modify the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-13 Thomas Howson , Cosima Breu

Magnetic loops filled with hot plasma are the main building blocks of the solar corona. Usually they have lengths of the order of the barometric scale height in the corona that is 50 Mm. Previously it has been suggested that miniature…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-15 Krzysztof Barczynski , Hardi Peter , Sabrina L. Savage

Solar flares are explosive events in the solar corona, representing fast conversion of magnetic energy into thermal and kinetic energy, and hence radiation, due to magnetic reconnection. Modelling is essential for understanding and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-13 M. Gordovskyy , P. K. Browning , R. F. Pinto

Spicules have been proposed as significant contributors to the mass and energy balance of the corona. While previous observations have provided a glimpse of short-lived transient brightenings in the corona that are associated with spicules,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-19 Bart De Pontieu , Ineke De Moortel , Juan Martinez-Sykora , Scott McIntosh

We explore the suggestions by Uzdensky (2007) and Cassak et al. (2008) that coronal loops heated by magnetic reconnection should self-organize to a state of marginal collisionality. We discuss their model of coronal loop dynamics with a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 S. Imada , E. G. Zweibel

Self-organization in continuous systems is associated with dissipative processes. In particular, for magnetized plasmas, it is known as magnetic relaxation, where the magnetic energy is converted into heat and kinetic energy of flow through…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-23 Satyam Agarwal , Ramit Bhattacharyya , Shangbin Yang

We study processes occurring after a sudden heating of the chromosphere at the flare arcade footpoints which is assumed to be caused by particle beams. For the numerical simulations we adopt a 2-D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model, in which…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-01 P. Jelínek , M. Karlický

Current analytical and numerical modelling suggest the existence of ubiquitous thin current sheets in the corona that could explain the observed heating requirements. On the other hand, new high resolution observations of the corona…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 P. Antolin , T. Yokoyama , T. Van Doorsselaere

The acceleration of charged particles is relevant to the solar corona over a broad range of scales and energies. High-energy particles are usually detected in concomitance with large energy release events like solar eruptions and flares,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-02-27 S. Dalena , A. F. Rappazzo , P. Dmitruk , A. Greco , W. H. Matthaeus

The chromosphere is a thin layer of the solar atmosphere that bridges the relatively cool photosphere and the intensely heated transition region and corona. Compressible and incompressible waves propagating through the chromosphere can…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-12 D. B. Jess , R. J. Morton , G. Verth , V. Fedun , S. D. T. Grant , I. Giagkiozis

Although the mechanisms responsible for heating the Sun's corona and accelerating the solar wind are still being actively investigated, it is largely accepted that photospheric motions provide the energy source and that the magnetic field…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Roberto Lionello , Marco Velli , Cooper Downs , Jon A. Linker , Zoran Mikić , Andrea Verdini

We present a series of numerical simulations of the quiet Sun plasma threaded by magnetic fields that extend from the upper convection zone into the low corona. We discuss an efficient, simplified approximation to the physics of optically…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 William P. Abbett , George H. Fisher

Observational and theoretical evidence suggest that beams of accelerated particles are produced in flaring events of all sizes in the solar atmosphere, from X-class flares to nanoflares. Current models of these types of particles in flaring…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-28 L. Frogner , B. V. Gudiksen , H. Bakke

The origins of the hot solar corona and the supersonically expanding solar wind are still the subject of debate. A key obstacle in the way of producing realistic simulations of the Sun-heliosphere system is the lack of a physically…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Steven R. Cranmer

We present a new computational approach that addresses the difficulty of obtaining the correct interaction between the solar corona and the transition region in response to rapid heating events. In the coupled corona, transition region and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-15 C. D. Johnston , A. W. Hood , P. J. Cargill , I. De Moortel

The heating and structure of the solar chromosphere depends on the underlying magnetic field, among other parameters. The lowest magnetic flux of the solar atmosphere is found in the quiet Sun internetwork and is thought to be provided by…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-19 D. Przybylski , R. Cameron , S. K. Solanki , M. Rempel , S. Danilovic , J. Leenaarts

We study the signatures of different coronal heating regimes on the differential emission measure (DEM) of multi-stranded coronal loops by means of hydrodynamic simulations. We consider heating either uniformly distributed along the loops…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 R. Susino , A. C. Lanzafame , A. F. Lanza , D. Spadaro

The history and present state of large-scale magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modeling of the solar corona and the solar wind with steady or quasi-steady coronal physics is reviewed. We put the evolution of ideas leading to the recognition of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-08 Tamas I. Gombosi , Bart van der Holst , Ward B. Manchester , Igor V. Sokolov

We provide estimates of the wave energy reaching the solar chromosphere and corona in a network-like magnetic field topology, including a coronal null point. The waves are excited by an instantaneous strong subphotospheric source and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-18 Irantzu C. Santamaria , Elena Khomenko , Manuel Collados , Angel de Vicente

To understand the nonlinear dynamics of the Parker scenario for coronal heating, long-time high-resolution simulations of the dynamics of a coronal loop in cartesian geometry are carried out. A loop is modeled as a box extended along the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-02-15 A. F. Rappazzo , M. Velli , G. Einaudi