Related papers: Quasilocal energy in modified gravity
A recent generalization of the Hawking-Hayward quasilocal energy to scalar-tensor gravity is adapted to general spherically symmetric geometries. It is then applied to several black hole and other spherical solutions of scalar-tensor and…
A generalization of the Hawking-Hayward quasilocal mass to scalar-tensor gravity is compared, in vacuo and for asymptotically flat stationary geometries, with a recent multipole expansion of the gravitational field. The quasilocal mass seen…
A dynamically preferred quasi-local definition of gravitational energy is given in terms of the Hamiltonian of a `2+2' formulation of general relativity. The energy is well-defined for any compact orientable spatial 2-surface, and depends…
We show that in a generic scalar-tensor theory of gravity, the ``referenced'' quasilocal mass of a spatially bounded region in a classical solution is invariant under conformal transformations of the spacetime metric. We first extend the…
Following an existing procedure in general relativity, the turnaround radius of a spherical structure is studied in scalar-tensor gravity using a new prescription for the analog of the Hawking-Hayward quasilocal mass in this class of…
The Misner-Sharp-Hernandez mass defined in general relativity and in spherical symmetry has been recognized as having a Newtonian character in previous literature. In order to better understand this aspect we relax spherical symmetry and we…
We derive a formula describing the transformation of the Hawking-Hayward quasi-local energy under a conformal rescaling of the spacetime metric. A known formula for the transformation of the Misner-Sharp-Hernandez mass is recovered as a…
The specification of energy for gravitating systems has been an unsettled issue since Einstein proposed his pseudotensor. It is now understood that energy-momentum is \emph{quasi-local} (associated with a closed 2-surface). Here we consider…
There have been many attempts to define the notion of quasilocal mass for a spacelike 2-surface in spacetime by the Hamilton-Jacobi analysis. The essential difficulty in this approach is to identify the right choice of the background…
This article considers the quasi-local energy in reference to a general static spacetime. We follow the approach developed by the authors in [19, 20, 7, 9] and define the quasi-local energy as a difference of surface Hamiltonians, which are…
The quasilocal energy of gravitational and matter fields in a spatially bounded region is obtained by employing a Hamilton-Jacobi analysis of the action functional. First, a surface stress-energy-momentum tensor is defined by the functional…
The energy of gravitating systems has been an issue since Einstein proposed general relativity: considered to be ill defined, having no proper local density. Energy-momentum is now regarded as \emph{quasi-local} (associated with a closed…
From a covariant Hamiltonian formulation, using symplectic ideas, we obtain covariant quasilocal energy-momentum boundary expressions for general gravity theories. The expressions depend upon which variables are fixed on the boundary, a…
We discuss the concepts of energy and mass in relativity. On a finitely extended spatial region, they lead to the notion of quasilocal energy/mass for the boundary 2-surface in spacetime. A new definition was found in [27] that satisfies…
A quasi-local energy for Einstein's general relativity is defined by the value of the preferred boundary term in the covariant Hamiltonian formalism. The boundary term depends upon a choice of reference and a time-like displacement vector…
Gravitational radiation in plane-symmetric space-times can be encoded in a complex potential, satisfying a non-linear wave equation. An effective energy tensor for the radiation is given, taking a scalar-field form in terms of the…
From a covariant Hamiltonian formulation, by using symplectic ideas, we obtain certain covariant boundary expressions for the quasilocal quantities of general relativity and other geometric gravity theories. The contribution from each of…
The Brown-York quasilocal energy is applied to three cosmological problems which have previously been studied with the Hawking-Hayward quasilocal energy (Newtonian simulations of large scale structure formation, turnaround radius in the…
We construct a Hamiltonian formulation of quasilocal general relativity using an extended phase space that includes boundary coordinates as configuration variables. This allows us to use Hamiltonian methods to derive an expression for the…
This article considers the quasi-local conserved quantities with respect to a reference spacetime with a cosmological constant. We follow the approach developed by the authors in [25,26,7] and define the quasi-local energy as differences of…