Related papers: Estimating Reproducibility in Genome-Wide Associat…

The efficacy of an intervention can be assessed by randomizing patients to different diagnostic tests instead of directly to an intervention and control. This principle is applied by allocating individuals to intervention if the test result…

We present a method to infer on joint regression coefficients obtained from marginal regressions using a reference panel. This type of scenario is common in genetic fine-mapping, where the estimated marginal associations are reported in…

Replication studies are increasingly conducted to assess the credibility of scientific findings. Most of these replication attempts target studies with a superiority design, but there is a lack of methodology regarding the analysis of…

Reproducibility is an important feature of science; experiments are retested, and analyses are repeated. Trust in the findings increases when consistent results are achieved. Despite the importance of reproducibility, significant work is…

Estimating density ratios between pairs of intractable data distributions is a core problem in probabilistic modeling, enabling principled comparisons of sample likelihoods under different data-generating processes across conditions and…

Combining information from multiple samples is often needed in biomedical and economic studies, but the differences between these samples must be appropriately taken into account in the analysis of the combined data. We study estimation for…

Replicability is a fundamental quality of scientific discoveries: we are interested in those signals that are detectable in different laboratories, study populations, across time etc. Unlike meta-analysis which accounts for experimental…

Random forests construct each tree with a different, randomised representation of the feature space. Their uniform voting cannot correct errors in regions where trees with incorrect representations probabilistically outnumber correct ones,…

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are commonly employed to study the genetic basis of complex traits and diseases, and a key question is how much heritability could be explained by all variants in GWAS. One widely used approach that…

Incorporating specific knowledge into large language models via retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a widespread technique that fuels many of today's industry AI applications. A fundamental problem is to assess if the context retrieved…

We calculate the probability distribution of repetitions of ancestors in a genealogical tree for simple neutral models of a closed population with sexual reproduction and non-overlapping generations. Each ancestor at generation g in the…

Both genetic drift and natural selection cause the frequencies of alleles in a population to vary over time. Discriminating between these two evolutionary forces, based on a time series of samples from a population, remains an outstanding…

The reproducibility crisis has led to an increasing number of replication studies being conducted. Sample sizes for replication studies are often calculated using conditional power based on the effect estimate from the original study.…

The advent of modern data collection and processing techniques has seen the size, scale, and complexity of data grow exponentially. A seminal step in leveraging these rich datasets for downstream inference is understanding the…

Among plausible causes for replicability failure, one that has not received sufficient attention is the environment in which the research is conducted. Consisting of the population, equipment, personnel, and various conditions such as…

The genome-wide recombination rate ($RR$) of a species is often described by one parameter, the ratio between total genetic map length ($G$) and physical map length ($P$), measured in centiMorgans per Megabase (cM/Mb). The value of this…

We performed a billion locality sensitive hash comparisons between artificially generated data samples to answer the critical question - can we reproduce the results of generative AI models? Reproducibility is one of the pillars of…

There is a growing interest in the analysis of replication studies of original findings across many disciplines. When testing a hypothesis for an effect size, two Bayesian approaches stand out for their principled use of the Bayes factor…

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are used to identify relationships between genetic variations and specific traits. When applied to high-dimensional medical imaging data, a key step is to extract lower-dimensional, yet informative…

Genetic association studies, in particular the genome-wide association study design, have provided a wealth of novel insights into the aetiology of a wide range of human diseases and traits. The next challenge consists of understanding the…