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This paper introduces a problem in which the state of a system needs to be determined through costly tests of its components by a limited number of testing units and before a given deadline. We also consider a closely related search problem…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Alessandro Agnetis , Ben Hermans , Roel Leus , Salim Rostami

We consider to learn a causal ordering of variables in a linear non-Gaussian acyclic model called LiNGAM. Several existing methods have been shown to consistently estimate a causal ordering assuming that all the model assumptions are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-04-10 Tatsuya Tashiro , Shohei Shimizu , Aapo Hyvarinen , Takashi Washio

We consider the classic problem of scheduling a set of n jobs non-preemptively on a single machine. Each job j has non-negative processing time, weight, and deadline, and a feasible schedule needs to be consistent with chain-like precedence…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-07-06 Hossein Efsandiari , MohammadTaghi Hajiaghyi , Jochen Koenemann , Hamid Mahini , David Malec , Laura Sanita

Online algorithms process their inputs piece by piece, taking irrevocable decisions for each data item. This model is too restrictive for most partitioning problems, since data that is yet to arrive may render it impossible to extend…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Christian Konrad , Tigran Tonoyan

We consider the problem of explaining the predictions of an arbitrary blackbox model $f$: given query access to $f$ and an instance $x$, output a small set of $x$'s features that in conjunction essentially determines $f(x)$. We design an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Guy Blanc , Jane Lange , Li-Yang Tan

The question if a given partial solution to a problem can be extended reasonably occurs in many algorithmic approaches for optimization problems. For instance, when enumerating minimal dominating sets of a graph $G=(V,E)$, one usually…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-10-11 Katrin Casel , Henning Fernau , Mehdi Khosravian Ghadikolaei , Jérôme Monnot , Florian Sikora

The problem of using observed correlations to infer causal relations is relevant to a wide variety of scientific disciplines. Yet given correlations between just two classical variables, it is impossible to determine whether they arose from…

The main purpose of this paper is to study the NP-complete subset-sum problem, not in the usual context of time-complexity-based classification of the algorithms (exponential/polynomial), but through a new kind of algorithmic classification…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Antonios Syreloglou

The behavior of any physical system is governed by its underlying dynamical equations. Much of physics is concerned with discovering these dynamical equations and understanding their consequences. In this work, we show that, remarkably,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 Toby S. Cubitt , Jens Eisert , Michael M. Wolf

Ordinary approach to quantum algorithm is based on quantum Turing machine or quantum circuits. It is known that this approach is not powerful enough to solve NP-complete problems. In this paper we study a new approach to quantum algorithm…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Masanori Ohya , Igor V. Volovich

In this paper we study the long-standing open question regarding the computational complexity of one of the core problems in supply chains management, the periodic joint replenishment problem. This problem has received a lot of attention…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-11-10 Tamar Cohen , Liron Yedidsion

Recent formal approaches towards causality have made the concept ready for incorporation into the technical world. However, causality reasoning is computationally hard; and no general algorithmic approach exists that efficiently infers the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Amjad Ibrahim , Simon Rehwald , Alexander Pretschner

Prior work has shown that causal structure can be uniquely identified from observational data when these follow a structural equation model whose error terms have equal variances. We show that this fact is implied by an ordering among…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-25 Wenyu Chen , Mathias Drton , Y. Samuel Wang

In this work, we give rigorous operational meaning to superposition of causal orders. This fits within a recent effort to understand how the standard operational perspective on quantum theory could be extended to include indefinite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-07 Nicola Pinzani , Stefano Gogioso

We describe simple algebraic and combinatorial characterisations of finite relational core structures admitting finitely many obstructions. As a consequence, we show that it is decidable to determine whether a constraint satisfaction…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Benoit Larose , Cynthia Loten , Claude Tardif

We consider learning a causal ordering of variables in a linear non-Gaussian acyclic model called LiNGAM. Several existing methods have been shown to consistently estimate a causal ordering assuming that all the model assumptions are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-07-30 Tatsuya Tashiro , Shohei Shimizu , Aapo Hyvarinen , Takashi Washio

This paper depicts algorithms for solving the decision Boolean Satisfiability Problem. An extreme problem is formulated to analyze the complexity of algorithms and the complexity for solving it. A novel and easy reformulation as a lottery…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-04-15 Carlos Barrón-Romero

The computational complexity of the partition, 0-1 subset sum, unbounded subset sum, 0-1 knapsack and unbounded knapsack problems and their multiple variants were studied in numerous papers in the past where all the weights and profits were…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Dominik Wojtczak

Deutsch's algorithm is the first quantum algorithm to show the advantage over the classical algorithm. Here we generalize Deutsch's problem to $n$ functions and propose a new quantum algorithm with indefinite causal order to solve this…

Causal inference in cue combination is to decide whether the cues have a single cause or multiple causes. Although the Bayesian causal inference model explains the problem of causal inference in cue combination successfully, how causal…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-09-04 Zhaofei Yu , Feng Chen , Jianwu Dong , Qionghai Dai