English
Related papers

Related papers: Conglomerability and Finitely Additive Representat…

200 papers

We advance a general theory of coherent preference that surrenders restrictions embodied in orthodox doctrine. This theory enjoys the property that any preference system admits extension to a complete system of preferences, provided it…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-08-04 Arthur Paul Pedersen , Samuel Allen Alexander

This article explores the interplay between the finite quotients of finitely generated residually finite groups and the concept of amenability. We construct a finitely generated, residually finite, amenable group $A$ and an uncountable…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-17 Steffen Kionke , Eduard Schesler

An inequality for the variance of an additive function defined on random decomposable structures, called assemblies, is established. The result generalizes estimates obtained earlier in the cases of permutations and mappings of a finite set…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-16 Eugenijus Manstavicius , Vytautas Stepas

A wide variety of problems in machine learning, including exemplar clustering, document summarization, and sensor placement, can be cast as constrained submodular maximization problems. Unfortunately, the resulting submodular optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-04-23 Rafael da Ponte Barbosa , Alina Ene , Huy L. Nguyen , Justin Ward

Let Y be a random variable whose moment generating function exists in a neighborhood of the origin. The aim of this paper is to represent arbitrary polynomials in terms of probabilistic Frobenius-Euler polynomials associated with Y and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Taekyun Kim , Dae San Kim

Using methods developed by Robinson, we find a complete theory suitable for a first order description of infintesimal neighborhoods. We use this to construct a specialisation having universal properties and to find a recursively enumerable…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Tristram de Piro

We study probability distributions of convergent random series of a special structure, called perpetuities. By giving a new argument, we prove that such distributions are of pure type: degenerate, absolutely continuous, or continuously…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-03-27 Gerold Alsmeyer , Alex Iksanov , Uwe Roesler

I show that frequentism, as an explanation of probability in classical statistical mechanics, can be extended in a natural way to a decoherent quantum history space, the analogue of a classical phase space. The result is a form of finite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-20 Simon Saunders

Current theories of perception suggest that the brain represents features of the world as probability distributions, but can such uncertain foundations provide the basis for everyday vision? Perceiving objects and scenes requires knowing…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-30 Andrey Chetverikov , Árni Kristjánsson

We use the circle method to prove that a density 1 of elements in $\mathbb{F}_q[t]$ are representable as a sum of three cubes of essentially minimal degree from $\mathbb{F}_q[t]$, assuming the Ratios Conjecture and that the characteristic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Tim Browning , Jakob Glas , Victor Y. Wang

The concept of finitely additive supermartingales, originally due to Bochner, is revived and developed. We exploit it to study measure decompositions over filtered probability spaces and the properties of the associated Dol\'{e}ans-Dade…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-04-21 Gianluca Cassese

Wilf posed the following problem: determine asymptotically as $n\to\infty$ the probability that a randomly chosen part size in a randomly chosen composition of n has multiplicity m. One solution of this problem was given by Hitczenko and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-26 Pawel Hitczenko , Cecil C. Rousseau , Carla D. Savage

We examine a generalization of the binomial distribution associated with a strictly increasing sequence of numbers and we prove its Poisson-like limit. Such generalizations might be found in quantum optics with imperfect detection. We…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 E. M. F. Curado , J. P. Gazeau , Ligia M. C. S. Rodrigues

We propose a novel algebraic framework for treating probability distributions represented by their cumulants such as the mean and covariance matrix. As an example, we consider the unsupervised learning problem of finding the subspace on…

Given a probability distribution $\mu$ a set $\Lambda (\mu)$ of positive real numbers is introduced, so that $\Lambda (\mu)$ measures the "divisibility" of $\mu$. The basic properties of $\Lambda (\mu)$ are described and examples of…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 S. Albeverio , H. Gottschalk , J. -L. Wu

Given two polynomials $p(x), q(x)$ of degree $d$, we give a combinatorial formula for the finite free cumulants of $p(x)\boxtimes_d q(x)$. We show that this formula admits a topological expansion in terms of non-crossing multi-annular…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-04 Octavio Arizmendi , Jorge Garza-Vargas , Daniel Perales

We generalize current known distribution results on Shanks--R\'enyi prime number races to the case where arbitrarily many residue classes are involved. Our method handles both the classical case that goes back to Chebyshev and function…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-20 Lucile Devin

Fractional calculus allows one to generalize the linear, one-dimensional, diffusion equation by replacing either the first time derivative or the second space derivative by a derivative of fractional order. The fundamental solutions of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Francesco Mainardi , Paolo Paradisi , Rudolf Gorenflo

The aim of this thesis is to determine classes of NP relations for which random generation and approximate counting problems admit an efficient solution. Since efficient rank implies efficient random generation, we first investigate some…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-12-15 Massimo Santini

In this paper we review the extent to which one can use classical distribution theory in describing solutions of Einstein's equations. We show that there are a number of physically interesting cases which cannot be treated using…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Roland Steinbauer , James A. Vickers