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A diffuse-interface model for microstructure with an arbitrary number of components and phases was developed from basic thermodynamic and kinetic principles and formalized within a variational framework. The model includes a composition…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-07-28 Daniel A. Cogswell , W. Craig Carter

We propose a phase-field theory for enriched continua. To generalize classical phase-field models, we derive the phase-field gradient theory based on balances of microforces, microtorques, and mass. We focus on materials where second…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-02-12 Luis Espath , Victor Calo

To model mechanically-driven phase transformations using the phase-field theory, suitable models are needed for describing the mechanical fields related to individual phase-fields in the interfacial regions. They play a crucial role in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-22 Mohammad Sarhil , Oleg Shchyglo , Hesham Salama , Dominik Brands , Ingo Steinbach , Jörg Schröder

The classical phase-field modeling approaches for multiphase problems represent each phase using a regularized characteristic function, which necessarily introduces a simplex constraint for the phase-field variables. Additionally, the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Lun Zhang , Chenxi Wang , Nan Lu , Zhen Zhang

The phase-field method is reviewed from the general perspective of converting a free boundary problem into a set of coupled partial differential equations. Its main advantage is that it avoids front tracking by using phase fields to locate…

A consistent and conservative Phase-Field method, including both the model and scheme, is developed for multiphase flows with an arbitrary number of immiscible and incompressible fluid phases. The consistency of mass conservation and the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-02-15 Ziyang Huang , Guang Lin , Arezoo M. Ardekani

Phase field models have been applied in recent years to grain boundaries in single-component systems. The models are based on the minimization of a free energy functional, which is constructed phenomenologically rather than being derived…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 Gunnar Pruessner , A. P. Sutton

A consistent treatment of the coupling of surface energy and elasticity within the multi-phase- field framework is presented. The model accurately reproduces stress distribution in a number of analytically tractable, yet non-trivial, cases…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-01-17 Raphael Schiedung , Ingo Steinbach , Fathollah Varnik

In this paper a general multi-phase-field model is presented which is an extension and modification of the model proposed by Folch and Plapp for three phase fields [R. Folch and M. Plapp, Phys. Rev. E 72 011602 (2005)] to the arbitrary…

Materials Science · Physics 2013-06-07 E. Pogorelov , J. Kundin , H. Emmerich

In this paper, a thermodynamically consistent phase-field model is proposed to describe the mass transport and reaction processes of multiple species in a fluid. A key feature of this model is that reactions between different species occur…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-24 Zhaoyang Wang , Huaxiong Huang , Ping Lin , Shixin Xu

The structure of many multiphase systems is governed by an energy that penalizes the area of interfaces between phases weighted by surface tension coefficients. However, interface evolution laws depend also on interface mobility…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-05-09 Elie Bretin , Alexandre Danescu , José Penuelas , Simon Masnou

In this work, a thermodynamically consistent and conservative diffuse-interface model for gas-liquid-solid multiphase flows is proposed. In this model, a novel free energy for the gas-liquid-solid multiphase flows is established according…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-09 Chengjie Zhan , Xi Liu , Zhenhua Chai , Baochang Shi

We characterize both analytically and numerically short-range forces between spatially diffuse interfaces in multi-phase-field models of polycrystalline materials. During late-stage solidification, crystal-melt interfaces may attract or…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-14 N. Wang , R. Spatschek , A. Karma

We describe a general phase-field model for hyperelastic multiphase materials. The model features an elastic energy functional that depends on the phase-field variable and a surface energy term that depends in turn on the elastic…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-05-13 Diego Grandi , Martin Kružík , Edoardo Mainini , Ulisse Stefanelli

Multicomponent phase separation is a routine occurrence in both living and synthetic systems. Thermodynamics provides a straightforward path to determine the phase boundaries that characterize these transitions for systems at equilibrium.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-08 Yu-Jen Chiu , Daniel Evans , Ahmad K. Omar

We develop a theory of the domain patterns in systems with competing short-range attractive interactions and long range repulsive Coulomb interactions. We take an energetic approach, in which patterns are considered as critical points of a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 C. B. Muratov

The computation of multiphase flows presents a subtle energetic equilibrium between potential (i.e., surface) and kinetic energies. The use of traditional interface-capturing schemes provides no control over such a dynamic balance. In the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 N. Valle , F. X. Trias , J. Castro

Multiphase field models have emerged as an important computational tool for understanding biological tissue while resolving single-cell properties. While they have successfully reproduced many experimentally observed behaviors of living…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-02-13 Michael Chiang , Austin Hopkins , Benjamin Loewe , Davide Marenduzzo , M. Cristina Marchetti

Nonequilibrium phase transitions are routinely observed in both natural and synthetic systems. The ubiquity of these transitions highlights the conspicuous absence of a general theory of phase coexistence that is broadly applicable to both…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-05-30 Ahmad K. Omar , Hyeongjoo Row , Stewart A. Mallory , John F. Brady

A general formulation is presented to derive the equation of motion and to demonstrate thermodynamic consistency for several classes of phase field models at once. It applies to models with a conserved phase field, describing either uniform…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-05-06 Mowei Cheng , Stefaan Cottenier , Heike Emmerich
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