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This review summarises the invited presentation I gave on the Milky Way disc. The idea underneath was to touch those topics that can be considered hot nowadays in the Galactic disk research: the reality of the thick disk, the spiral…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-02-12 Giovanni Carraro

Ever since the very first photometric studies of Centaurs and Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) their visible color distribution has been controversial. That controversy gave rise to a prolific debate on the origin of the surface colors of these…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Nuno Peixinho , Audrey Delsanti , Aurélie Guilbert-Lepoutre , Ricardo Gafeira , Pedro Lacerda

Evolutionary forms, as well as exterior forms, are skew-symmetric differential forms. But in contrast to the exterior forms, the basis of evolutionary forms is deforming manifolds (with unclosed metric forms). Such forms possess a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 L. I. Petrova

The known extrasolar planets exhibit many interesting and surprising features--extremely short-period orbits, high-eccentricity orbits, mean-motion and secular resonances, etc.--and have dramatically expanded our appreciation of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Scott Tremaine , Nadia L. Zakamska

Let X be a smooth elliptic fibration over a smooth base B. Under mild assumptions, we establish a Fourier-Mukai equivalence between the derived categories of two objects, each of which is an O^* gerbe over a genus one fibration which is a…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ron Donagi , Tony Pantev

Spiral galaxies are axi-symmetric objects showing 2D-chirality when projected onto a plane. Features in common with tetrahedral molecules are pointed out, in particular the existence of a preferred chiral modality for genetic galaxies as in…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Salvatore Capozziello , Alessandra Lattanzi

Chirality is a feature of many biological systems and much research has been focused on understanding the origin and implications of this property. Famously, sugars and amino acids found in nature are homochiral, i.e., chiral symmetry is…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2023-07-28 Ludwig A. Hoffmann , Luca Giomi

We introduce the notion of a zebra structure on a surface, which is a more general geometric structure than a translation structure or a dilation structure that still gives a directional foliation of every slope. We are concerned with the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-09-20 W. Patrick Hooper , Ferrán Valdez , Barak Weiss

We systematically study moving mirror models in two-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT). By focusing on their late-time behavior, we separate the mirror profiles into four classes, named type A (timelike) mirrors, type B (escaping)…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-09-14 Ibrahim Akal , Taishi Kawamoto , Shan-Ming Ruan , Tadashi Takayanagi , Zixia Wei

Chirality refers to the asymmetry of objects that cannot be superimposed on their mirror image. It is a concept that exists in various scientific fields and has profound consequences. Although these are perhaps most widely recognized within…

Studying the nature of spiral arms is essential for understanding the formation of the intricate disc structure of the Milky Way. The European Space Agency's Gaia mission has provided revolutionary observational data that have uncovered…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-08-28 Natsuki Funakoshi , Noriyuki Matsunaga , Daisuke Kawata , Junichi Baba , Daisuke Taniguchi , Michiko Fujii

We advocate an account of dualities between physical theories: the basic idea is that dual theories are isomorphic representations of a common core. We defend and illustrate this account, which we call a Schema, in relation to symmetries.…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2019-06-06 Sebastian De Haro , Jeremy Butterfield

The possibility that the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal might have formed as a Searle-Zinn fragment in the outer halo of the Galaxy is discussed. Arguments in favor of this hypothesis are: (1) The luminosity distribution of globular clusters…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Sidney van den Bergh

The Earth's surface is subdivided into eight large tectonic plates and many smaller ones. We reconstruct the plate tessellation history and demonstrate that both large and small plates display two distinct hierarchical patterns, described…

Geophysics · Physics 2010-11-12 Gabriele Morra , Maria Seton , R. Dietmar Müller

We find that an oscillon can possess a characteristic double oscillation structure even though it results in a decay of a sphaleron which does not have any positive energy vibrational mode. We show that dynamics of such an oscillon can…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-09-21 K. Oles , J. Queiruga , T. Romanczukiewicz , A. Wereszczynski

Three-dimensional simulations with fully resolved hydrodynamics are performed to study the dynamics of a single squirmer under gravity, in order to clarify its motion in the vicinity of a flat plate. Different dynamics emerge for different…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-05-27 Federico Fadda , John Jairo Molina , Ryoichi Yamamoto

The closure conditions of the inexact exterior differential form and dual form (an equality to zero of differentials of these forms) can be treated as a definition of some differential-geometrical structure. Such a connection discloses the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-09-07 L. I. Petrova

One notable example of exoplanet diversity is the population of circumbinary planets, which orbit around both stars of a binary star system. There are so far only 16 known circumbinary exoplanets, all of which lie in the same orbital plane…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-17 Thomas A. Baycroft , Lalitha Sairam , Amaury H. M. J Triaud , Alexandre C. M. Correia

We suggest that electromagnetic chirality, generally displayed by 3D or 2D complex chiral structures, can occur in 1D patterned composites whose components are achiral. This feature is highly unexpected in a 1D system which is geometrically…

Optics · Physics 2015-08-05 Carlo Rizza , Andrea Di Falco , Michael Scalora , Alessandro Ciattoni

In our previous works we have classified real non-singular cubic hypersurfaces in the 5-dimensional projective space up to equivalence that includes both real projective transformations and continuous variations of coefficients preserving…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-03-10 Sergey Finashin , Viatcheslav Kharlamov