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Anyone who looks into the circuitry world will be familiar with the three fundamental circuit elements - capacitor, resistor, and inductor. These circuit elements are defined by the relation between two of the four fundamental circuit…
In 2008, researchers at HP Labs published a paper in {\it Nature} reporting the realisation of a new basic circuit element that completes the missing link between charge and flux-linkage, which was postulated by Leon Chua in 1971. The HP…
The memory resistor abbreviated memristor was a harmless postulate in 1971. In the decade since 2008, a device claiming to be the missing memristor is on the prowl, seeking recognition as a fundamental circuit element, sometimes wanting…
Memristor has been identified as the fourth fundamental circuit element by Dr. Leon Chua in 1971 and since then it has gathered a lot of interest because of its non-volatility and are considered as a viable solution to the beyond CMOS era…
We present a tutorial on the properties of the new ideal circuit element, a memristor. By definition, a memristor M relates the charge q and the magnetic flux $\phi$ in a circuit, and complements a resistor R, a capacitor C, and an inductor…
In this paper we revisit the memristor concept within circuit theory. We start from the definition of the basic circuit elements, then we introduce the original formulation of the memristor concept and summarize some of the controversies on…
The memristor, the recently discovered fundamental circuit element, is of great interest for neuromorphic computing, nonlinear electronics and computer memory. It is usually modelled either using Chua's equations, which lack material device…
This article presents a review on the main applications of the fourth fundamental circuit element, named "memristor", which had been proposed for the first time by Leon Chua and has recently been developed by a team at HP Laboratories led…
Several devices exhibiting memory effects have shown up in nonlinear circuit theory in recent years. Among others, these circuit elements include Chua's memristors, as well as memcapacitors and meminductors. These and other related devices…
In 1971, Chua defined an ideal memristor that links charge q and flux phi. In this work, we demonstrated that the direct interaction between physical charge q and physical flux phi is memristive by nature in terms of a time-invariant phi-q…
It is observed that the inductive and capacitive features of the memristor reflect (and are a quintessence of) such features of any resistor. The very presence of the voltage and current state variables, associated by their electrodynamics…
In 1976, Leon Chua showed that a thermistor can be modeled as a memristive device. Starting from this statement we designed a circuit that has four circuit elements: a linear passive inductor, a linear passive capacitor, a nonlinear…
In 2008, it was widely announced that the missing memristor, a basic two-terminal electrical circuit element, had finally been discovered. The memristor is the fourth and last such circuit element and thus completes circuit theory.…
We extend the notion of memristive systems to capacitive and inductive elements, namely capacitors and inductors whose properties depend on the state and history of the system. All these elements show pinched hysteretic loops in the two…
A memristor is one of four fundamental two-terminal solid elements in electronics. In addition with the resistor, the capacitor and the inductor, this passive element relates the electric charges to current in solid state elements. Here we…
In his seminal paper, Chua presented a fundamental physical claim by introducing the memristor, "The missing circuit element". The memristor equations were originally supposed to represent a passive circuit element because, with active…
The recent design of a nanoscale device with a memristive characteristic has had a great impact in nonlinear circuit theory. Such a device, whose existence was predicted by Leon Chua in 1971, is governed by a charge-dependent…
We suggest electronic circuits with memristors (resistors with memory) that operate as memcapacitors (capacitors with memory) and meminductors (inductors with memory). Using a memristor emulator, the suggested circuits have been built and…
The prediction made by L. O. Chua 45+ years ago (see: IEEE Trans. Circuit Theory (1971) 18:507-519 and also: Proc. IEEE (2012) 100:1920-1927) about the existence of a passive circuit element (called memristor) that links the charge and flux…
Memristor is the fourth fundamental passive circuit element with potential applications in development of analog memories, artificial brains (with the capacity of hardware training) and neuro-science. In most of these applications the…