Related papers: RFC 7800 - Money Over IP
State government operations comprise a large number of transactions for different processes that must be carried out across the state. This comprises new projects, maintenance and repairs, public employee compensation, and agricultural…
Nowadays, academic certificates are still widely issued in paper format. Traditional certificate verification is a lengthy, manually intensive, and sometimes expensive process. In this paper, we propose a novel NFT-based certificate…
Blockchain is a decentralized ledger used to securely exchange digital currency, perform deals and transactions efficient manner, each user of the network has access to the least copy of the encrypted ledger so that they can validate a new…
The Bitcoin scalability problem has led to the development of off-chain financial mechanisms such as payment channel networks (PCNs) which help users process transactions of varying amounts, including micro-payment transactions, without…
The use of digital money has become increasingly popular, but it comes with certain drawbacks. For instance, it can be challenging to make payments during power outages or internet failures. Additionally, some groups may find it difficult…
Bitcoin, a decentralized cryptocurrency, has attracted a lot of attention from academia, financial service industry and enthusiasts. The trade-off between transaction confirmation throughput and centralization of hash power do not allow…
The current system to manage the global pool of IP addresses is centralized in five transnational organizations, the Regional Internet Registries (RIRs). Each of these RIRs manage the address pool for a large number of countries. Because…
BIP70 is the Bitcoin payment protocol for communication between a merchant and a pseudonymous customer. McCorry et al. (FC~2016) showed that BIP70 is prone to refund attacks and proposed a fix that requires the customer to sign their refund…
Blockchain technology has spawned a vast ecosystem of digital currencies with Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) -- digital forms of fiat currency -- being one of them. An important feature of digital currencies is facilitating…
Bitcoin is a decentralised digital currency that relies on cryptography rather than trusted third parties such as central banks for its security. Underpinning the operation of the currency is a peer-to-peer (P2P) network that facilitates…
Bitcoin is a "crypto currency", a decentralized electronic payment scheme based on cryptography which has recently gained excessive popularity. Scientific research on bitcoin is less abundant. A paper at Financial Cryptography 2012…
Bitcoin is a popular digital currency for online payments, realized as a decentralized peer-to-peer electronic cash system. Bitcoin keeps a ledger of all transactions; the majority of the participants decides on the correct ledger. Since…
Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) is a new form of money, issued by a country's or region's central bank, that can be used for a variety of payment scenarios. Depending on its concrete implementation, there are many participants in a…
REST HTTP is the communication protocol of choice for software developers today. In IoT systems with unreliable connectivity, however, a stateless protocol like REST HTTP needs to send a request message multiple times, and it only stops the…
Bitcoin is an immutable permissionless blockchain system that has been extensively used as a public bulletin board by many different applications that heavily relies on its immutability. However, Bitcoin's immutability is not without its…
BRC-20 (short for Bitcoin Request for Comment 20) token mania was a key storyline in the middle of 2023. Setting it apart from conventional ERC-20 token standards on Ethereum, BRC-20 introduces non-fungibility to Bitcoin through an editable…
The current crisis, at the time of writing, has had a profound impact on the financial world, introducing the need for creative approaches to revitalising the economy at the micro level as well as the macro level. In this informal analysis…
Bitcoin is the first successful decentralized global digital cash system. Its mining process requires intense computational resources, therefore its usefulness remains a disputable topic. We aim to solve three problems with Bitcoin and…
We discuss numerous justifications for why crypto-currencies would be highly conducive for the smooth functioning of today's society. We provide several comparisons between cryptocurrencies issued by blockchain projects, crypto, and…
There have been various attempts at token standards on numerous blockchain platforms today to fundamentally change the way assets are traded in the traditional capital markets, but there is a lack of research and resolution on regulatory…