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Supervised machine learning based state-of-the-art computer vision techniques are in general data hungry and pose the challenges of not having adequate computing resources and of high costs involved in human labeling efforts. Training data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-30 Vishal Kaushal , Anurag Sahoo , Khoshrav Doctor , Narasimha Raju , Suyash Shetty , Pankaj Singh , Rishabh Iyer , Ganesh Ramakrishnan

Class imbalance poses a significant challenge in classification tasks, where traditional approaches often lead to biased models and unreliable predictions. Undersampling and oversampling techniques have been commonly employed to address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Matt Clifford , Jonathan Erskine , Alexander Hepburn , Raúl Santos-Rodríguez , Dario Garcia-Garcia

The majority of computer vision algorithms fail to find higher-order (abstract) patterns in an image so are not robust against adversarial attacks, unlike human lateralized vision. Deep learning considers each input pixel in a homogeneous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Abubakar Siddique , Will N. Browne , Gina M. Grimshaw

In this work, we define cost-free learning (CFL) formally in comparison with cost-sensitive learning (CSL). The main difference between them is that a CFL approach seeks optimal classification results without requiring any cost information,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-07-23 Xiaowan Zhang , Bao-Gang Hu

Learning unbiased models on imbalanced datasets is a significant challenge. Rare classes tend to get a concentrated representation in the classification space which hampers the generalization of learned boundaries to new test examples. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Salman Khan , Munawar Hayat , Waqas Zamir , Jianbing Shen , Ling Shao

Real-world applications that involve missing values are often constrained by the cost to obtain data. Test-cost sensitive, or costly feature, methods additionally consider the cost of acquiring features. Such methods have been extensively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Seung Gyu Hyun , Christopher Leung

This work focuses on a specific classification problem, where the information about a sample is not readily available, but has to be acquired for a cost, and there is a per-sample budget. Inspired by real-world use-cases, we analyze average…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Jaromír Janisch , Tomáš Pevný , Viliam Lisý

Real-world datasets are often highly class-imbalanced, which can adversely impact the performance of deep learning models. The majority of research on training neural networks under class imbalance has focused on specialized loss functions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Ravid Shwartz-Ziv , Micah Goldblum , Yucen Lily Li , C. Bayan Bruss , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Active learning aims to optimize the dataset annotation process when resources are constrained. Most existing methods are designed for balanced datasets. Their practical applicability is limited by the fact that a majority of real-life…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Umang Aggarwal , Adrian Popescu , Céline Hudelot

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved impressive results on imbalanced image data, but they still have difficulty generalizing to minority classes and their decisions are difficult to interpret. These problems are related…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Damien Dablain , Kristen N. Jacobson , Colin Bellinger , Mark Roberts , Nitesh Chawla

Unsupervised disentangled representation learning is a long-standing problem in computer vision. This work proposes a novel framework for performing image clustering from deep embeddings by combining instance-level contrastive learning with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Ramakrishnan Sundareswaran , Jansel Herrera-Gerena , John Just , Ali Jannesari

In conventional deep learning, the number of neurons typically remains fixed during training. However, insights from biology suggest that the human hippocampus undergoes continuous neuron generation and pruning of neurons over the course of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Taigo Sakai , Kazuhiro Hotta

Clustering is one of the most fundamental tasks in machine learning. Recently, deep clustering has become a major trend in clustering techniques. Representation learning often plays an important role in the effectiveness of deep clustering,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Yaling Tao , Kentaro Takagi , Kouta Nakata

Modern machine learning suffers from catastrophic forgetting when learning new classes incrementally. The performance dramatically degrades due to the missing data of old classes. Incremental learning methods have been proposed to retain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Yue Wu , Yinpeng Chen , Lijuan Wang , Yuancheng Ye , Zicheng Liu , Yandong Guo , Yun Fu

As part of autonomous car driving systems, semantic segmentation is an essential component to obtain a full understanding of the car's environment. One difficulty, that occurs while training neural networks for this purpose, is class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-25 Robin Chan , Matthias Rottmann , Fabian Hüger , Peter Schlicht , Hanno Gottschalk

This paper proposes inverse feature learning as a novel supervised feature learning technique that learns a set of high-level features for classification based on an error representation approach. The key contribution of this method is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Behzad Ghazanfari , Fatemeh Afghah , MohammadTaghi Hajiaghayi

Deep learning approaches are successful in a wide range of AI problems and in particular for visual recognition tasks. However, there are still open problems among which is the capacity to handle streams of visual information and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Umang Aggarwal , Adrian Popescu , Eden Belouadah , Céline Hudelot

One main challenge in imbalanced graph classification is to learn expressive representations of the graphs in under-represented (minority) classes. Existing generic imbalanced learning methods, such as oversampling and imbalanced learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Rongrong Ma , Guansong Pang , Ling Chen

Long-tailed image recognition presents massive challenges to deep learning systems since the imbalance between majority (head) classes and minority (tail) classes severely skews the data-driven deep neural networks. Previous methods tackle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Yue Xu , Yong-Lu Li , Jiefeng Li , Cewu Lu

In last few years there are major changes and evolution has been done on classification of data. As the application area of technology is increases the size of data also increases. Classification of data becomes difficult because of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-05-09 Rushi Longadge , Snehalata Dongre