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Phase noise of the frequency synthesizer is one of the main limitations to the short-term stability of microwave atomic clocks. In this work, we demonstrated a low-noise, simple-architecture microwave frequency synthesizer for a coherent…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-03-04 Xiaodong Li , Peter Yun , Qinglin Li , Bowen Ju , Shaoshao Yu , Qiang Hao , Runchang Du , Feng Xu , Wenbing Li , Yuping Gao , Shougang Zhang

This work reports on the fabrication and characterization of an Au/ZnO/Pt-based high-overtone bulk acoustic resonator (HBAR) on SiC substrates. We evaluate its microwave characteristics comparing with Si substrates for…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-03-27 Padmalochan Panda , Soumyadip Chatterjee , Siddharth Tallur , Apurba Laha

This letter presents the experimental demonstration of a film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) circulator at 2.5 GHz. The circulator is based on spatio-temporal modulation of the series resonant frequency of FBARs using varactors and exhibits…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-04-18 Mert M. Torunbalci , Trevor J. Odelberg , Suresh Sridaran , Richard C. Ruby , Sunil A. Bhave

This report presents a robust composite resonator known as the high overtone bulk acoustic wave resonator (HBAR) for demonstrating experimentally the ability of the resonator to tune the envelope of the spectrum by applying dc bias. The…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-08-31 Kongbrailatpam Sandeep , J Pundareekam Goud , K. C. James Raju

We report on the performance of the first table-top prototype atomic clock based on coherent population trapping (CPT) resonances with parallel linearly polarized optical fields (lin||lin configuration). Our apparatus uses a vertical cavity…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2010-09-29 Eugeniy E. Mikhailov , Travis Horrom , Nathan Belcher , Irina Novikova

We stabilise a microwave oscillator at 9.6 GHz to an optical clock laser at 344 THz by using a fibre-based femtosecond laser frequency comb as a transfer oscillator. With a second frequency comb we measure independently the instability of…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2008-09-15 B. Lipphardt , G. Grosche , U. Sterr , Chr. Tamm , S. Weyers , H. Schnatz

We show that state-of-the-art phase noise and high frequency stability could be simultaneously achieved in a microwave oscillator based on the sapphire-loaded cavity resonator. The 9 GHz sapphire oscillator was constructed with the SSB…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-03-28 Eugene N. Ivanov , Michael E. Tobar

We demonstrate a vapor cell atomic clock prototype based on continuous-wave (CW) interrogation and double-modulation coherent population trapping (DM-CPT) technique. The DM-CPT technique uses a synchronous modulation of polarization and…

Phonon modes at microwave frequencies can be cooled to their quantum ground state using conventional cryogenic refrigeration, providing a convenient way to study and manipulate quantum states at the single phonon level. Phonons are of…

Long-lived, high-frequency phonons are valuable for applications ranging from optomechanics to emerging quantum systems. For scientific as well as technological impact, we seek high-performance oscillators that offer a path towards…

High-fidelity quantum optomechanical control of a mechanical oscillator requires the ability to perform efficient, low-noise operations on long-lived phononic excitations. Microfabricated high-overtone bulk acoustic wave resonators…

This paper presents a new and comprehensive equivalent circuit model for high overtone bulk acoustic resonators (HBARs). HBARs demonstrate several very sharp resonance modes distributed nearly periodically over a very wide frequency range.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Vikrant J. Gokhale , Brian P. Downey

A high-overtone bulk acoustic resonator (HBAR), in which a piezoelectric transducer is set on an acoustic cavity, has been attracting attention in both fundamental research and RF applications due to its scalability, high frequency, and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-04-07 Megumi Kurosu , Daiki Hatanaka , Ryuichi Ohta , Hiroshi Yamaguchi , Yoshitaka Taniyasu , Hajime Okamoto

We report on the development and phase noise performance of a 9.1926 GHz microwave frequency synthesizer to be used as the local oscillator for a Cs fountain clock. It is based on frequency multiplication and synthesis from an ultralow…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2022-04-19 Wenbing Li , Yuanbo Du , Hui Li , Zehuang Lu

Aluminum nitride (AlN)-based thin-film bulk acoustic wave resonators (FBARs) are promising compact platforms for 6G communications and quantum memory hardware, enabled by their integrable acoustic modes with high quality factors. However,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Hemant Gulupalli , Navnil Choudhury , Jiacheng Xie , Yufeng Wu , Huili Grace Xing , Hong X. Tang , Debdeep Jena , Kanad Basu , Wenwen Zhao

We present a compact atomic clock interrogating ultracold 87Rb magnetically trapped on an atom chip. Very long coherence times sustained by spin self-rephasing allow us to interrogate the atomic transition with 85% contrast at 5 s Ramsey…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-07-14 Ramon Szmuk , Vincent Dugrain , Wilfried Maineult , Jakob Reichel , Peter Rosenbusch

This work reports on the modeling, fabrication, and experimental characterization of a 13 GHz 30% Scandium-doped Aluminum Nitride (ScAlN) Overmoded Bulk Acoustic Resonator (OBAR) for high-frequency Radio Frequency (RF) applications, notably…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-24 Walter Gubinelli , Pietro Simeoni , Ryan Tetro , Luca Colombo , Matteo Rinaldi

Suspended high-overtone bulk acoustic wave resonators (HBARs) can serve as a viable optomechanical platform for efficient transduction of signals from the microwave to the optical frequency domain. In contrast to 1D nanobeam optomechanical…

Optics · Physics 2021-09-27 Stefano Valle , Krishna C. Balram

In this letter, we experimentally demonstrate low noise 300GHz wave generation based on a Kerr microresonator frequency comb operating in soliton regime. The spectral purity of a 10GHz GPS-disciplined dielectric resonant oscillator is…

High overtone bulk acoustic resonators are essential components in microwave signal processing and emerging quantum technologies; however, conventional designs suffer from limited impedance matching, spurious mode interference, and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Zi-Dong Zhang , Zhen-Hui Qin , Yi-Han He , Yun-Fei Cheng , Hao Yan , Si-Yuan Yu , Ming-Hui Lu , Yan-Feng Chen
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