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We construct easy embeddings of relatively free groups (say the free Burnside group, the free solvable group) into finitely presented groups. We introduce a concept of verbal isoperimetric function of a group variety. We prove that if the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 A. Yu. Olshanskii , M. V. Sapir

We prove that the epimorphism relation is a complete analytic quasi-order on the space of countable groups. In the process, we obtain the result of independent interest that the epimorphism relation on pointed reflexive graphs is complete.

Logic · Mathematics 2026-04-27 Su Gao , Feng Li , André Nies , Gianluca Paolini

A generalized numerical semigroup is a submonoid $S$ of $\mathbb{N}^d$ with finite complement in it. We characterize isomorphisms between these monoids in terms of permutation of coordinates. Considering the equivalence relation that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-06 Carmelo Cisto , Gioia Failla , Francesco Navarra

It is shown that the big free group (the set of countably-long words over a countable alphabet) is almost free, in the sense that any function from the alphabet to a compact topological group factors through a homomorphism. This statement…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-12 Tamer Tlas

We prove that the free algebra functor associated to a symmetric, pseudo commutative 2-monad, from the underlying symmetric monoidal 2-category to the 2-category of algebras and pseudo maps over the 2-monad can be enhanced to a…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-19 Diego Manco

We construct a correspondence between epimorphisms $\varphi \colon \pi_1(M) \to F_r$ from the fundamental group of a compact manifold $M$ onto the free group of rank $r$, and systems of $r$ framed non-separating hypersurfaces in $M$, which…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-05-29 Wacław Marzantowicz , Łukasz Patryk Michalak

We consider the class of {\em separable} $k$-hypergraphs, which can be viewed as uniform analogs of threshold Boolean functions, and the class of {\em equatable} $k$-hypergraphs. We show that every $k$-hypergraph is either separable or…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-23 Daniel Deza , Shmuel Onn

The correlation functions of an arbitrary number of boundary monomers in the system of close-packed dimers on the square lattice are computed exactly in the scaling limit. The equivalence of the 2n-point correlation functions with those of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-11-26 Vyatcheslav B. Priezzhev , Philippe Ruelle

We identify topological symmetric homology as the free $\mathbb{E}_\infty$-algebra on an $\mathbb{E}_1$-algebra and topological braid homology as the free $\mathbb{E}_2$-algebra on an $\mathbb{E}_1$-algebra. In this way, topological…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-05-25 Gabriel Angelini-Knoll , David Chan , Teena Gerhardt , Mona Merling , Maximilien Péroux

This paper continues the functional approach to the P-versus-NP problem, begun in [1]. Here we focus on the monoid RM_2^P of right-ideal morphisms of the free monoid, that have polynomial input balance and polynomial time-complexity. We…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-05-12 J. C. Birget

Given a finite subset S in F_p^d, let a(S) be the number of distinct r-tuples (x_1,...,x_r) in S such that x_1+...+x_r = 0. We consider the "moments" F(m,n) = sum_|S|=n a(S)^m. Specifically, we present an explicit formula for F(m,n) as a…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2008-08-22 Erik Carlsson

Every semigroup which is a finite disjoint union of copies of the free mono- genic semigroup (natural numbers under addition) has soluble word prob- lem and soluble membership problem. Efficient algorithms are given for both problems.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-12-08 Nabilah Abughazalah

In this paper we first survey some basic results in the cohomology of finite groups, and then discuss recent work on constructing free actions of finite groups on products of spheres.

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alejandro Adem

A correspondence between a monogenic function in an arbitrary finite-dimensional commutative associative algebra and a finite set of monogenic functions in a special commutative associative algebra is established.

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2018-03-13 Vitalii Shpakivskyi

Clones of functions play a foundational role in both universal algebra and theoretical computer science. In this work, we introduce clone merge monoids (cm-monoids), a unifying one-sorted algebraic framework that integrates abstract clones,…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-28 Antonio Bucciarelli , Pierre-Louis Curien , Antonino Salibra

We determine all F,G in C[X] of degree at least 2 for which the semigroup generated by F and G under composition is not the free semigroup on the letters F and G. We also solve the same problem for F,G in X^2 C[[X]], and prove partial…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-08-25 Zhan Jiang , Michael E. Zieve

An explicit algorithm is presented for testing whether two non-directed graphs are isomorphic or not. It is shown that for a graph of n vertices, the number of n independent operations needed for the test is polynomial in n. A proof that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Moshe Schwartz

Functional digraphs are unlabelled finite digraphs where each vertex has exactly one out-neighbor. They are isomorphic classes of finite discrete-time dynamical systems. Endowed with the direct sum and product, functional digraphs form a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Florian Bridoux , Christophe Crespelle , Thi Ha Duong Phan , Adrien Richard

On the set $\mathcal M$ of mean functions the symmetric mean of $M$ with respect to mean $M_0$ can be defined in several ways. The first one is related to the group structure on $\mathcal M$ and the second one is defined trough Gauss'…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2023-03-10 Lenka Mihoković

We give an explicit description of the free objects in the quasivariety of adequate semigroups, as sets of labelled directed trees under a natural combinatorial multiplication. The morphisms of the free adequate semigroup onto the free…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2009-05-08 Mark Kambites