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We study the build up of complexity on the example of 1 kg matter in different forms. We start on the simplest example of ideal gases, and then continue with more complex chemical, biological, life and social and technical structures. We…

Continuous and long term acquisition of multi-channel ECG measurements are significant for diagnostic purposes. Compressive sensing has been proposed in the literature for obtaining continuous ECG measurements as it provides advantages…

Continuous cardiovascular monitoring can play a key role in precision health. However, some fundamental cardiac biomarkers of interest, including stroke volume and cardiac output, require invasive measurements, e.g., arterial pressure…

A fundamental characteristic common to both human vision and natural language is their compositional nature. Yet, despite the performance gains contributed by large vision and language pretraining, we find that: across 7 architectures…

Compressive sensing has shown significant promise in biomedical fields. It reconstructs a signal from sub-Nyquist random linear measurements. Classical methods only exploit the sparsity in one domain. A lot of biomedical signals have…

Cardiac blood flow patterns contain rich information about disease severity and clinical interventions, yet current imaging and computational methods fail to capture underlying relational structures of coherent flow features. We propose a…

What is the relationship between the complexity of a learner and the randomness of his mistakes? This question was posed in \cite{rat0903} who showed that the more complex the learner the higher the possibility that his mistakes deviate…

We consider the question of estimating a real low-complexity signal (such as a sparse vector or a low-rank matrix) from the phase of complex random measurements. We show that in this "phase-only compressive sensing" (PO-CS) scenario, we can…

Phase retrieval is in general a non-convex and non-linear task and the corresponding algorithms struggle with the issue of local minima. We consider the case where the measurement samples within typically very small and disconnected subsets…

Entropy has been a common index to quantify the complexity of time series in a variety of fields. Here, we introduce increment entropy to measure the complexity of time series in which each increment is mapped into a word of two letters,…

Recent progress in encoder-decoder neural network architecture design has led to significant performance improvements in a wide range of medical image segmentation tasks. However, state-of-the-art networks for a given task may be too…

In order to clarify the statistical features of complex networks, the spectral density of adjacency matrices has often been investigated. Adopting a static model introduced by Goh, Kahng and Kim, we analyse the spectral density of complex…

Quantifying the complexity of feed-forward neural networks (FFNNs) remains challenging due to their nonlinear, hierarchical structure and numerous parameters. We apply generalized degrees of freedom (GDF) to measure model complexity in…

A central issue of the science of complex systems is the quantitative characterization of complexity. In the present work we address this issue by resorting to information geometry. Actually we propose a constructive way to associate to a -…

We propose a measure of learning efficiency for non-finite state spaces. We characterize the complexity of a learning problem by the metric entropy of its state space. We then describe how learning efficiency is determined by this measure…

Early detection of heart arrhythmia can prevent severe future complications in cardiac patients. While manual diagnosis still remains the clinical standard, it relies heavily on visual interpretation and is inherently subjective. In recent…

We study the distributed message-passing model in which a communication network is represented by a graph G=(V,E). Usually, the measure of complexity that is considered in this model is the worst-case complexity, which is the largest number…

The electrical activity of external anal sphincter can be registered with surface electromyography. This signals are known to be highly complex and nonlinear. This work aims in characterisation of the information carried in the signals by…

Complex systems are characterised by a tight, nontrivial interplay of their constituents, which gives rise to a multi-scale spectrum of emergent properties. In this scenario, it is practically and conceptually difficult to identify those…

Apnea-bradycardia is one of the major clinical early indicators of late-onset sepsis occurring in approximately 7% to 10% of all neonates and in more than 25% of very low birth weight infants in NICU. The objective of this paper was to…