Related papers: Binary quadratic forms as dessins
The infinite dimensional Clifford Algebra has a maze of irreducible unitary representations. Here we determine their type -real, complex or quaternionic. Some, related to the Fermi-Fock representations, have no real or quetrnionic…
Over 200 years ago, Gauss discovered a composition law on the $SL_2({\mathbb Z})$-equivalence classes of primitive binary quadratic forms. Since then, bijections of classes of binary forms have been found with ideal class groups of…
In this work, we offer a historical stroll through the vast topic of binary quadratic forms. We begin with a quick review of their history and then an overview of contemporary algebraic developments on the subject.
A connected digraph in which the in-degree of any vertex equals its out-degree is Eulerian; this baseline result is used as the basis of existence proofs for universal cycles (also known as ucycles or generalized deBruijn cycles or…
Using light-cone gauge formulation, massive arbitrary spin irreducible fields and massless (scalar and one-half spin) fields in three-dimensional flat space are considered. Both the integer spin and half-integer spin fields are studied. For…
In this paper we define infinite-dimensional algebra and its representation, whose basis is naturally identified with semi-infinite configurations of the square ladder model. We also extrapolate the ideas for the cyclic 3-leg triangular…
The periodic (ordinal) patterns of a map are the permutations realized by the relative order of the points in its periodic orbits. We give a combinatorial characterization of the periodic patterns of an arbitrary signed shift, in terms of…
We prove a local-global principle for primitive representations of binary quadratic forms by quaternary quadratic forms. Our method is a variant of Linnik's ergodic method showing density for certain homogenous toral sets. The central…
This article reports the occurrence of binary quadratic forms in primitive Pythagorean triangles and their geometric interpretation. In addition to the well-known fact that the hypotenuse, z, of a right triangle, with sides of integral…
We characterise the quartic (i.e. 4-regular) multigraphs with the property that every edge lies in a triangle. The main result is that such graphs are either squares of cycles, line multigraphs of cubic multigraphs, or are obtained from…
Using a notation of corner between edges when graph has a fixed rotation, i.e. cyclical order of edges around vertices, we define combinatorial objects - combinatorial maps as pairs of permutations, one for vertices and one for faces.…
The purpose of this note is to prove that there is an algebraic stack U parameterizing all curves. The curves that appear in the algebraic stack U are allowed to be arbitrarily singular, non-reduced, disconnected, and reducible. We also…
A new approach to quantum gravity is described which joins the loop representation formulation of the canonical theory to the causal set formulation of the path integral. The theory assigns quantum amplitudes to special classes of causal…
Given a real representation of the Clifford algebra corresponding to $R^{p+q}$ with metric of signature $(p,q)$, we demonstrate the existence of two natural bilinear forms on the space of spinors. With the Clifford action of $k$-forms on…
A graph is edge-primitive if its automorphism group acts primitively on the edge set. In this short paper, we prove that a finite 2-arc-transitive edge-primitive graph has almost simple automorphism group if it is neither a cycle nor a…
We develop the theory of linear evolution equations associated with the adjacency matrix of a graph, focusing in particular on infinite graphs of two kinds: uniformly locally finite graphs as well as locally finite line graphs. We discuss…
This paper proves the existence of cuspidal automorphic forms for a reductive group, invariant under an automorphism of finite order. The techniques used are a local analysis of orbital integrals and the Arthur-Selberg trace formula.
We geometrically describe the relation induced on a set of graphs by isomorphism of their associated graph C*-algebras as the smallest equivalence relation generated by five types of moves. The graphs studied have finitely many vertices and…
In this largely expository paper we give a self-contained treatment of the Dirac operator. Emphasizing the algebraic point of view we first sketch the necessary prerequisites from Clifford algebras and their representations and then define…
We propose a binary representation of categorical values using a linear map. This linear representation preserves the neighborhood structure of categorical values. In the context of evolutionary algorithms, it means that every categorical…