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Related papers: Arabic Text Watermarking: A Review

200 papers

LLMs now exhibit human-like skills in various fields, leading to worries about misuse. Thus, detecting generated text is crucial. However, passive detection methods are stuck in domain specificity and limited adversarial robustness. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Xi Yang , Kejiang Chen , Weiming Zhang , Chang Liu , Yuang Qi , Jie Zhang , Han Fang , Nenghai Yu

Optical character recognition (OCR) is widely applied in real applications serving as a key preprocessing tool. The adoption of deep neural network (DNN) in OCR results in the vulnerability against adversarial examples which are crafted to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Lu Chen , Wei Xu

As LLMs become commonplace, machine-generated text has the potential to flood the internet with spam, social media bots, and valueless content. Watermarking is a simple and effective strategy for mitigating such harms by enabling the…

Watermarking, the practice of embedding imperceptible information into media such as images, videos, audio, and text, is essential for intellectual property protection, content provenance and attribution. The growing complexity of digital…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Aleksandar Petrov , Shruti Agarwal , Philip H. S. Torr , Adel Bibi , John Collomosse

Segmentation of Arabic manuscripts into lines of text and words is an important step to make recognition systems more efficient and accurate. The problem of segmentation into text lines is solved since there are carefully annotated dataset…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Hakim Bouchal , Ahror Belaid

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has raised concerns regarding their potential misuse, particularly in generating fake news and misinformation. To address these risks, watermarking techniques for autoregressive language…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Koichi Nagatsuka , Terufumi Morishita , Yasuhiro Sogawa

Digital Watermarking is an extremely wide aspect of information security, either by its applications, by its properties, or by its designs. In particular, a lot of research has been made about video watermarking and it can make it quite…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-26 Romain Artru , Alexandre Gouaillard , Touradj Ebrahimi

Handwritten numeral recognition is in general a benchmark problem of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence. Compared to the problem of printed numeral recognition, the problem of handwritten numeral recognition is compounded due…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2010-03-10 Nibaran Das , Ayatullah Faruk Mollah , Sudip Saha , Syed Sahidul Haque

Text watermarking technology aims to tag and identify content produced by large language models (LLMs) to prevent misuse. In this study, we introduce the concept of cross-lingual consistency in text watermarking, which assesses the ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Zhiwei He , Binglin Zhou , Hongkun Hao , Aiwei Liu , Xing Wang , Zhaopeng Tu , Zhuosheng Zhang , Rui Wang

Dialectal Arabic is the primary spoken language used by native Arabic speakers in daily communication. The rise of social media platforms has notably expanded its use as a written language. However, Arabic dialects do not have standard…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Bashar Alhafni , Sarah Al-Towaity , Ziyad Fawzy , Fatema Nassar , Fadhl Eryani , Houda Bouamor , Nizar Habash

Existing sentence-level watermarking methods enhance robustness to paraphrasing by anchoring watermarks in sentence semantics. However, their prefix-based designs remain vulnerable to structural perturbations, such as sentence splitting and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yuexin Li , Wenjie Qu , Linyu Wu , Yulin Chen , Yufei He , Tri Cao , Bryan Hooi , Jiaheng Zhang

This paper presents a novel dotless representation of Arabic text as an alternative to the standard Arabic text representation. We delve into its implications through comprehensive analysis across five diverse corpora and four different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Maged S. Al-Shaibani , Irfan Ahmad

Watermark text spotting in document images can offer access to an often unexplored source of information, providing crucial evidence about a record's scope, audience and sometimes even authenticity. Stemming from the problem of text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Mateusz Krubiński , Stefan Matcovici , Diana Grigore , Daniel Voinea , Alin-Ionut Popa

Calligraphy is an essential part of the Arabic heritage and culture. It has been used in the past for the decoration of houses and mosques. Usually, such calligraphy is designed manually by experts with aesthetic insights. In the past few…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Zaid Alyafeai , Maged S. Al-shaibani , Mustafa Ghaleb , Yousif Ahmed Al-Wajih

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities of generating texts resembling human language. However, they can be misused by criminals to create deceptive content, such as fake news and phishing emails, which raises…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Wenjie Qu , Wengrui Zheng , Tianyang Tao , Dong Yin , Yanze Jiang , Zhihua Tian , Wei Zou , Jinyuan Jia , Jiaheng Zhang

Digital watermarking is extensively used in ownership authentication and copyright protection. In this paper, we propose an efficient thresholding scheme to improve the watermark embedding procedure in an image. For the proposed algorithm,…

Deaf people are using sign language for communication, and it is a combination of gestures, movements, postures, and facial expressions that correspond to alphabets and words in spoken languages. The proposed Arabic sign language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Muhammad Al-Barham , Ahmad Jamal , Musa Al-Yaman

This paper presents a traitor-tracing technique based on the watermarking of digital documents (\pdf{} files in particular). The watermarking algorithm uses a chain of three separate techniques that work in synergy. The embedded payload can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Fabrizio d'Amore , Alessandro Serpi

Text watermarks in large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to detect synthetic text, mitigating misuse cases like fake news and academic dishonesty. While existing watermarking detection techniques primarily focus on classifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Xuandong Zhao , Chenwen Liao , Yu-Xiang Wang , Lei Li

The OpenITI team has achieved Optical Character Recognition (OCR) accuracy rates for classical Arabic-script texts in the high nineties. These numbers are based on our tests of seven different Arabic-script texts of varying quality and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-29 Maxim Romanov , Matthew Thomas Miller , Sarah Bowen Savant , Benjamin Kiessling