Related papers: Low temperature ratchet current
We study two small quantum systems coupled to the same reservoir which is in thermal equilibrium. By studying the particle density and the energy density in the two systems before and after they contact each other, we find that the two…
By combining different ideas, a general and efficient protocol to deal with discontinuous phase transitions at low temperatures is proposed. For small $T$'s, it is possible to derive a generic analytic expression for appropriate order…
Recent developments in finite-temperature QCD with dynamical quarks are reviewed focusing on the topics of critical temperature, the equation of state, and critical behaviors around the chiral phase transition.
We investigate catalysis in the framework of elementary thermal operations, leveraging the distinct features of such operations to illuminate catalytic dynamics. As groundwork, we establish new technical tools that enhance the computability…
A brief review is presented of the status of the thermal model and chemical freeze-out in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Some interewsting aspects at lower energies are emphasized.
The high-temperature expansion for closed superstring one-loop free energy is studied. The Laurent series representation is obtained and its sum is analytically continued in order to investigate the nature of the critical (Hagedorn)…
The underdamped Langevin equation of motion of a particle, in a symmetric periodic potential and subjected to a symmetric periodic forcing with mean zero over a period, with nonuniform friction, is solved numerically. The particle is shown…
We study first-order phase transitions in a two-temperature system, where due to the time-scale separation all the basic thermodynamical quantities (free energy, entropy, etc) are well-defined. The sign of the latent heat is found to be…
Passive states are defined as those states that do not allow for work extraction in a cyclic (unitary) process. Within the set of passive states, thermal states are the most stable ones: they maximize the entropy for a given energy, and…
The first part of this chapter gives an introduction to heat transfer and cooling techniques at low temperature. We review the fundamental laws of heat transfer (conduction, convection and radiation) and give useful data specific to…
We investigate a one-dimensional electron liquid with two point scatterers of different strength. In the presence of electron interactions, the nonlinear conductance is shown to depend on the current direction. The resulting asymmetry of…
The existence of fluctuations of temperature has been a somewhat controversial topic in thermodynamics but nowadays it is recognized that they must be taken into account in small, finite systems. Although for nonequilibrium steady states…
We argue that thermal machines can be understood from the perspective of `virtual qubits' at `virtual temperatures': The relevant way to view the two heat baths which drive a thermal machine is as a composite system. Virtual qubits are…
We calculate the neutron matter equation of state at finite temperature based on low-momentum two- and three-nucleon interactions. The free energy is obtained from a loop expansion around the Hartree-Fock energy, including contributions…
The notion of temperature in many body elementary particle processes is in a common use for decades. Thermal models have become simple and universal effective tools to describe particle production -- not only in high energy heavy ion…
Proving thermalization from the unitary evolution of a closed quantum system is one of the oldest questions that is still nowadays only partially resolved. Several efforts have led to various formulations of what is called the eigenstate…
We study a loop of Josephson junctions that is quenched through its critical temperature. For three or more junctions, symmetry breaking states can be achieved without thermal activation, in spite of the fact that the relaxation time is…
A recent work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 110602] showed that among a pair of \textit{thermodynamically} equidistant quenches from a colder and a hotter initial state at a fixed ambient temperature, the relaxation from the colder initial state…
It is well known that the dielectric constant of two-dimensional (2D) electron system goes negative at low electron densities. A consequence of the negative dielectric constant could be the formation of the droplet state. The droplet state…
We study a chaotic ratchet system under the influence of a thermal environment. By direct integration of the Lindblad equation we are able to analyze its behavior for a wide range of couplings with the environment, and for different finite…