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The streaming instability is the leading model for planetesimal formation in protoplanetary disks, but it typically operates within the first ~Myr. In the Solar System, however, some planetesimals (the chondrite parent bodies) formed 2-4…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-29 Maya Tatarelli , Alessandro Morbidelli , Elena Lega

Recent theories suggest planetesimal formation via streaming and/or gravitational instabilities may be triggered by localized enhancements in the dust-to-gas ratio, and one hypothesis is that sufficient enhancements may be produced in the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Anna L. H. Hughes , Philip J. Armitage

We perform a systematic study of the dynamics of dust particles in protoplanetary disks with embedded planets using global 2-D and 3-D inviscid hydrodynamic simulations. Lagrangian particles have been implemented into magnetohydrodynamic…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Zhaohuan Zhu , James M. Stone , Roman R. Rafikov , Xuening Bai

The main aim in the current survey is to suggest models of the development of structures, such as vortices and spirals, in accretion white dwarf's binaries. Numerical methods and simulations are applied on the bases of hydrodynamic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Daniela Boneva

Context: Planets are formed amidst young circumstellar disks of gas and dust. The latter is traced by thermal radiation, where strong asymmetric clumps were observed in a handful of cases. These dust traps could be key to understand the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-23 Clément Mathieu Tristan Robert , Héloïse Méheut , François Ménard

The substructures observed in protoplanetary disks may be the signposts of embedded planets carving gaps or creating vortices. The inferred masses of these planets often fall in the Jovian regime despite their low abundance compared to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-22 Juan Garrido-Deutelmoser , Cristobal Petrovich , Leonardo Krapp , Kaitlin M. Kratter , Ruobing Dong

We consider the formation and evolution of vortices in a hydrodynamic shearing-sheet model. The evolution is done numerically using a version of the ZEUS code. Consistent with earlier results, an injected vorticity field evolves into a set…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Bryan M. Johnson , Charles F. Gammie

We use a high order accuracy spectral code to carry out two-dimensional time-dependent numerical simulations of vortices in accretion disks. In particular, we examine the stability and the life time of vortices in circumstellar disks around…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Patrick Godon , Mario Livio

High-resolution millimetre-imaging of protoplanetary discs has revealed many containing rings and gaps. These rings can contain large quantities of dust, often in excess of 10M$_\oplus$, providing prime sites for efficient and rapid planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-13 Daniel P. Cummins , James E. Owen

We find an instability resulting in generation of large-scale vorticity in a fast rotating small-scale turbulence or turbulent convection with inhomogeneous fluid density along the rotational axis in anelastic approximation. The large-scale…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-12-11 Igor Rogachevskii , Nathan Kleeorin

Recent observations of several protoplanetary discs have found evidence of departures from flat, circular motion in the inner regions of the disc. One possible explanation for these observations is a disc warp, which could be induced by a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-29 Rebecca Nealon , Giovanni Dipierro , Richard Alexander , Rebecca Martin , Chris Nixon

We carried out two-dimensional high-resolution simulations to study the effect of dust feedback on the evolution of vortices induced by massive planets in protoplanetary disks. Various initial dust to gas disk surface density ratios…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-30 Wen Fu , Hui Li , Stephen Lubow , Shengtai Li , Edison Liang

The Rossby wave instability (RWI), which depends on the density bumps and extremum in the vortensities in the differentially rotating discs, plays an important role in the evolution of the protoplanetary discs. In this article, we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Mahmoud Gholipour , Mohsen Nejad-Asghar

Rossby wave instabilities (RWIs) usually lead to nonaxisymmetric vortices in protoplanetary discs and some observed sub-structures of these discs can be well explained by RWIs. We explore how the cooling influences the growth rate of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-22 Shunquan Huang , Cong Yu

Giant planets embedded in protoplanetary disks (PPDs) can create annulus density gaps around their orbits in the type-II regime, potentially responsible for the ubiquity of annular substructures observed in PPDs. Despite of substantial…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-23 Yuhiko Aoyama , Xuening Bai

While planets in the solar system only have a low inclination with respect to the ecliptic there is mounting evidence that in extrasolar systems the inclination can be very high, at least for close-in planets. One process to alter the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-01-09 Bertram Bitsch , Willy Kley

Among the candidates for generating turbulence in accretion discs in situations with low intrinsic ionization the vertical shear instability (VSI) has become an interesting candidate, as it relies purely on a vertical gradient in the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-19 Moritz H. R. Stoll , Wilhelm Kley

We use resistive magnetohydrodynamical simulations with the nested grid technique to study the formation of protoplanetary disks around protostars from molecular cloud cores that provide the realistic environments for planet formation. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Shu-ichiro Inutsuka , Masahiro N. Machida , Tomoaki Matsumoto

Gravitational coupling between protoplanetary discs and planets embedded in them leads to the emergence of spiral density waves, which evolve into shocks as they propagate through the disc. We explore the performance of a semi-analytical…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-22 Nicolas P. Cimerman , Roman R. Rafikov

We analyze the physical processes of gap formation in an inviscid protoplanetary disk with an embedded protoplanet using two-dimensional local shearing-sheet model. Spiral density wave launched by the planet shocks and the angular momentum…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Takayuki Muto , Takeru K. Suzuki , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka
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